Over three-quarters of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who have hepatitis C can achieve viral cure with direct-acting antiviral drugs. Among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who subsequently received liver transplantation, over 90% of patients can achieve viral cure.

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IRE of HCC results in a large region of enhancement on immediate postprocedure MR images that, over time, involutes and is associated with decreasing signal intensity of the peripheral ablation zone. This phenomenon may represent resolution of the reversible penumbra.

We suggest that the application of multi-level analysis and missing-value analysis is a statistical necessity for this study. Firstly, in Beste et al. 1 , 426 patients with HCC were collected from 167 medical centers; therefore, small VA medical centers may have contributed few or no HCC patients. In Table 4 of the paper by Beste et al. 1 , there was no hospital or geographic information variable in the final regression model, which implies that large VA medical centers could over-represent patients or hospitals. This concern can be appropriately adjusted by a hierarchical modeling approach using multi-level analysis at patient, as well as at hospital levels. 9 Secondly, authors used an assumption of randomly missing data (11.6% of HCC patients) based on unclear multiple imputation methods. Randomness of missing data could be raised from not only the amount of missing data but also from a higher discontinuation rate in the missing group that might have resulted from these patients' intention to leave the VA health care system to receive additional or new therapy for any reason. To confirm the absence of missing not at random data, it is necessary to utilize multiple imputation methods by emerging approaches, multiple imputation using chained equations, and a visualization of Monte Carlo simulation results. 10 Conflict of interest The authors who have taken part in this study declared that they do not have anything to disclose regarding funding or conflict of interest with respect to this manuscript.

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Transcatheter embolization is the first-line treatment for massive hemoptysis and recurrent intractable hemoptysis. Proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by hypertrophy and neovasculsarity of bronchial and nonbronchial aortopulmonary collaterals; hemoptysis complicates a minority of cases. We present a case of unilateral proximal interruption of the left pulmonary artery associated with a right-sided aorta, presenting in adulthood with hemoptysis. The patient was managed emergently with bronchial, intercostal, and inferior phrenic artery embolization.