Abstract:Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is effective and safe for the surgical resection of rectal carcinoids<2 cm in diameter, with typical features and located more than 5 cm from the anal verge. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery can be used for primary resection or for resection after incomplete colonoscopic snare excision.
“…In our study, seven patients underwent general anesthesia, and another seven patients underwent epidural anesthesia. TEM requires much time for training and special equipment . Although TEM has shown higher efficacy than ESD and EMR, endoscopic treatment seems to be an acceptable alternative to TEM for small rectal NET.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It allows for wide, full-thickness excision as well as accurate determination of resection margins. 6,26 The clinical efficacy of TEM for benign adenoma or NET has been reported. 6,[26][27][28] In addition, TEM can be an effective rescue treatment for complete removal of residual tumors.…”
Section: T Oday Treatment Modalities For Rectal Netmentioning
Section: T Oday Treatment Modalities For Rectal Netmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…TEM requires much time for training and special equipment. 6,26 Although TEM has shown higher efficacy than ESD and EMR, endoscopic treatment seems to be an acceptable alternative to TEM for small rectal NET.…”
Section: T Oday Treatment Modalities For Rectal Netmentioning
ESD achieved a higher complete resection rate than EMR and comparable to TEM. Tumor recurrence was not observed in the endoscopic resection and TEM groups, regardless of the completeness of resection. Small neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract can be managed reliably with both endoscopic resection and TEM.
“…In our study, seven patients underwent general anesthesia, and another seven patients underwent epidural anesthesia. TEM requires much time for training and special equipment . Although TEM has shown higher efficacy than ESD and EMR, endoscopic treatment seems to be an acceptable alternative to TEM for small rectal NET.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It allows for wide, full-thickness excision as well as accurate determination of resection margins. 6,26 The clinical efficacy of TEM for benign adenoma or NET has been reported. 6,[26][27][28] In addition, TEM can be an effective rescue treatment for complete removal of residual tumors.…”
Section: T Oday Treatment Modalities For Rectal Netmentioning
Section: T Oday Treatment Modalities For Rectal Netmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…TEM requires much time for training and special equipment. 6,26 Although TEM has shown higher efficacy than ESD and EMR, endoscopic treatment seems to be an acceptable alternative to TEM for small rectal NET.…”
Section: T Oday Treatment Modalities For Rectal Netmentioning
ESD achieved a higher complete resection rate than EMR and comparable to TEM. Tumor recurrence was not observed in the endoscopic resection and TEM groups, regardless of the completeness of resection. Small neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract can be managed reliably with both endoscopic resection and TEM.
“…72,80 Several studies from the TEM data show that these are usually smaller lesions and less challenging than rectal adenocarcinomas. 73 These authors report no positive margins in their final surgical specimens and no local recurrence.…”
Section: Image 1 Depth Of Submucosal Invasion: Submucosa Divided Intomentioning
Teresa deBeche-Adams, Imran Hassan, and the SAGES Guidelines Committee
PreambleThe following clinical spotlight review regarding Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS) is intended for physicians who manage and treat rectal pathology. It is meant to critically review this technique and the available evidence supporting its safety and efficacy. Based on the level of evidence, recommendations may or may not be given for its use in clinical practice.
DisclaimerGuidelines for clinical practice and spotlight reviews are intended to indicate preferable approaches to medical problems as established by experts in the field. These recommendations will be based on existing data or a consensus of expert opinion when little or no data are available. Spotlight reviews are applicable to all physicians who address the clinical problem(s) without regard to specialty training or interests, and are intended to convey recommendations based on a focused topic; within the defined scope of the review, they indicate the preferable, but not necessarily the only acceptable approaches due to the complexity of the healthcare environment. Guidelines and recommendations are intended to be flexible. Given the wide range of specifics in any healthcare problem, the surgeon must always choose the course best suited to the individual patient and the variables in existence at the moment of decision. Guidelines, spotlight reviews, and recommendations are developed under the auspices of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons and its various committees, and approved by the Board of Governors. Each clinical spotlight review has been systematically researched, reviewed and revised by the guidelines committee, and, when appropriate, reviewed by an appropriate multidisciplinary team. The recommendations are therefore considered valid at the time of production based on the data available.
Literature reviewA systematic literature search was performed using PubMed for Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery (TAMIS). The literature was reviewed from September 1, 2010 through May 31, 2016. Both the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendation for each of the guidelines were assessed according to the GRADE system. This uses a 4-tiered system for denoting the quality of evidence (very low (+), low (+ +), moderate (+ + +), or high (+ + + +)) and a 2-tiered system for strength of recommendation (weak, or strong).
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