Counseling psychology can make a contribution to the newly emerging fields of health-related behavioral science, but the nature of that contribution will depend on counseling psychology's willingness to develop new perspectives and practices. This article compares two of these health orientations, behavioral medicine and health psychology, in an effort to establish counseling psychology's relationship with either of these approaches. The article then surveys three areas of training and application that the current research suggests will offer oppprtunities for meaningful participation by counseling psychologists. Such opportunities for important work in these health-related areas will call upon counseling psychology's traditional psychoeducational strategies and creative new methodologies and perspectives.