Training and simulation for patient safety

Abstract

Background Simulation-based medical education enables knowledge, skills and attitudes to be acquired for all healthcare professionals in a safe, educationally orientated and efficient manner. Procedure-based skills, communication, leadership and team working can be learnt, be measured and have the potential to be used as a mode of certification to become an independent practitioner. Results Simulation-based training initially began with life-like manikins and now encompasses an entire range of systems, from synthetic models through to high fidelity simulation suites. These models can also be used for training in new technologies, for the application of existing technologies to new environments and in prototype testing. The level of simulation must be appropriate to the learners' needs and can range from focused tuition to mass trauma scenarios. The development of simulation centres is a global phenomenon which should be encouraged, although the facilities should be used within appropriate curricula that are methodologically sound and cost-effective. Discussion A review of current techniques reveals that simulation can successfully promote the competencies of medical expert, communicator and collaborator. Further work is required to develop the exact role of simulation as a training mechanism for scholarly skills, professionalism, management and health advocacy.

Efectividad de la simulación en la educación médica desde la perspectiva de seguridad de pacientes

“…Los autores de los artículos seleccionados consideran relevantes para la seguridad del paciente los siguientes factores: desarrollo de habilidades de comunicación, colaboración interprofesional 7,8 , gestión en situaciones de emergencias 4,9,10 y confianza en los conocimientos adquiridos. Estas competencias se favorecen con el uso de la simulación 11 , aumentando la conciencia del error y su valor pedagógico 12,13 .…”

“…Sin embargo, la evidencia refiere que 10% de los pacientes ingresados en el hospital sufren de algún tipo de evento adverso o daño 1 .…”

“…La educación médica basada en simulación ha demostrado ser eficaz en la trasferencia de conocimientos y habilidades que deben adquirir los profesionales de la salud de una manera segura y orientada hacia la educación 1,4 . En Chile, a pesar de que muchos grupos la han utilizado desde hace años, su inserción formal en los currículos de las Facultades de Medicina recién comienza.…”

“…investigación ha demostrado que las mejoras del sistema pueden reducir las tasas de error y mejorar la calidad de la atención en salud 8 .…”

Hybrid simulation for integrated skills teaching

“…Skills may be retained and transferred to the clinical environment [6]. Simulation based teaching is recognized to contribute to improvement of patient safety [7]. The evaluation of the workshop explores whether: a) students found this integrated approach to skills teaching and learning worthwhile, and b) the session increases students' levels of confidence.…”