Traffic Rules Encoding Using Defeasible Deontic Logic

Abstract

Automatically assessing driving behaviour against traffic rules is a challenging task for improving the safety of Automated Vehicles (AVs). There are no AV specific traffic rules against which AV behaviour can be assessed. Moreover current traffic rules can be imprecisely expressed and are sometimes conflicting making it hard to validate AV driving behaviour. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Defeasible Deontic Logic (DDL) based driving behaviour assessment methodology for AVs. DDL is used to effectively handle rule exceptions and resolve conflicts in rule norms. A data-driven experiment is conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

A Double-Level Model Checking Approach for an Agent-Based Autonomous Vehicle and Road Junction Regulations

“…Considering the related work, there are Rizaldi et al [10] and Bhuiyan et al [11] that present a formalisation for road traffic rules. Nonetheless, neither approach uses an agent abstraction to represent the AV behaviour and decision-making.…”

“…Table 7 summarises a comparison among the related work that is presented in the remainder of this section. The first three works [10,11,38] present some sort of formalisation for the road traffic rules (just like our approach does). Some interesting elements from these works are, correspondingly, the codification of traffic rules [10]; the solution for conflicts in traffic rules using a deontic logic [11]; the use of a real traffic data-set [38].…”

“…The first three works [10,11,38] present some sort of formalisation for the road traffic rules (just like our approach does). Some interesting elements from these works are, correspondingly, the codification of traffic rules [10]; the solution for conflicts in traffic rules using a deontic logic [11]; the use of a real traffic data-set [38]. However, neither approach uses an agent abstraction to represent an AV decision-making.…”

“…• Formalisation: all works use some kind of formalisation, most use temporal or deontic logic. • Simulation tools: References [11][12][13] present the use of some graphical tool for simulation, which contribute for testing the system. Our approach uses the UPPAAL graphical tool for simulation, but for the agent's simulation we only use a cli (command line interface) tool.…”

“…Bhuiyan et al [11] assess driving behaviour against traffic rules, specifically the Overtaking rules from the Queensland Highway Code. Two types of rules are specified: overtaking to the left and the right.…”