Traffic flow stability induced by constant time headway policy for adaptive cruise control vehicles

Li, Perry Y.; Shrivastava, Anil Kumar

doi:10.1016/s0968-090x(02)00004-9

Cited by 100 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The same is also the case for acceleration and deceleration of a vehicle, which are generally performed much smoother and contribute to a more stable traffic flow [54]. Furthermore, the reaction time with vehicle automation is vastly smaller than for conventional vehicles, which means that disturbances are promptly reacted to, presuming that the time headway is sufficient for traffic to remain string-stable [55,56]. At this point, it must be stated that, to achieve the majority of homogeneity gains, a significant penetration of vehicles must be present on the road with longitudinal driving assistance or partial automation [17,20].…”

Section: Vehicle Dynamics and Interactionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Will Automated Vehicles Negatively Impact Traffic Flow?

Calvert

Schakel

Lint

2017

Journal of Advanced Transportation

133

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With low-level vehicle automation already available, there is a necessity to estimate its effects on traffic flow, especially if these could be negative. A long gradual transition will occur from manual driving to automated driving, in which many yet unknown traffic flow dynamics will be present. These effects have the potential to increasingly aid or cripple current road networks. In this contribution, we investigate these effects using an empirically calibrated and validated simulation experiment, backed up with findings from literature. We found that low-level automated vehicles in mixed traffic will initially have a small negative effect on traffic flow and road capacities. The experiment further showed that any improvement in traffic flow will only be seen at penetration rates above 70%. Also, the capacity drop appeared to be slightly higher with the presence of low-level automated vehicles. The experiment further investigated the effect of bottleneck severity and truck shares on traffic flow. Improvements to current traffic models are recommended and should include a greater detail and understanding of driver-vehicle interaction, both in conventional and in mixed traffic flow. Further research into behavioural shifts in driving is also recommended due to limited data and knowledge of these dynamics.

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Section: Vehicle Dynamics and Interactionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Will Automated Vehicles Negatively Impact Traffic Flow?

Calvert

Schakel

Lint

2017

Journal of Advanced Transportation

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The string stability results to traffic jam for no apparent reason, a shockwave [12] of continuously increased braking ( seiscon 2013) 12-14 Dec 2013 -K.C.G College of Technology -Chennai due to heavy traffic or erratic driving behavior, upstream a string of vehicles, until the vehicle stops [9]. Constant spacing policy [5], constant headway time policy [6] and constant safety factor policy [7] are the three spacing policies can be implemented for any vehicle follower system. The inter-vehicular spacing is independent of the velocity of the string of vehicles in the constant spacing policy whereas the inter-vehicular spacing increases linearly with an increase in the velocity of the preceding vehicle in the constant headway time policy.…”

Section: State Of Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of fuzzy co-operative adaptive cruise controller in vehicular ad hoc networks

Cloudin¹,

Komathy²

2013

IET Chennai Fourth International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Intelligent Systems (SEISCON 2013)

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Mobility models, which determine the movement pattern of nodes communicating wirelessly, play a vital role in the simulation-based evaluation of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Realistic mobility models enable us to assess the network performance more accurately, and it is required to design a realistic mobility model that mimics the real vehicle scenario. This paper made an attempt to bring out a suitable mobility model for vehicular networks, which improves the network performance in accordance with string stability, by incorporating the concept of Fuzzy Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control mechanism among a platoon of vehicles. The experimental study and analysis find that fuzziness improves the performance of the network in terms of packet delay ratio, delay and throughput.

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“…As will be discussed below, researchers have studied the headway in many traffic studies [147,148,149].…”

Section: More On the Headway Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

Friend: A cyber-physical system for traffic flow related information aggregation and dissemination

El-Tawab

Olariu

Almalag

2012

2012 IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)

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A cyber-physical system for traffic Flow-Related Information aggrEgatioN and Dissemination. By integrating resources and capabilities at the nexus between the cyber and physical worlds, FRIEND will contribute to aggregating traffic flow data collected by the huge fleet of vehicles on our roads into a comprehensive, near real-time synopsis of traffic flow conditions. We anticipate providing drivers with a meaningful, color-coded, at-a-glance view of flow conditions ahead, alerting them to congested traffic.FRIEND can be used to provide accurate information about traffic flow and can be used to propagate this information. The workhorse of FRIEND is the ubiquitous lane delimiters (a.k.a. cat's eyes) on our roadways that, at the moment, are used simply as dumb reflectors.Our main vision is that by endowing cat's eyes with a modest power source, detection and communication capabilities they will play an important role in collecting, aggregating and disseminating traffic flow conditions to the driving public. We envision the cat's eyes system to be supplemented by road-side units (RSU) deployed at regular intervals (e.g. every kilometer or so). The RSUs placed on opposite sides of the roadway constitute a logical unit and are connected by optical fiber under the median. Unlike inductive loop detectors, adjacent RSUs along the roadway are not connected with each other, thus avoiding the huge cost of optical fiber. Each RSU contains a GPS device (for time synchronization), an active Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag for communication with passing cars, a radio transceiver for RSU to RSU communication and a laptop-class computing device.The physical components of FRIEND collect traffic flow-related data from passing vehicles. The collected data is used by FRIEND's inference engine to build beliefs about the state of the traffic, to detect traffic trends, and to disseminate relevant traffic flow-related information along the roadway. The second contribution of this thesis is the development of an incident classification and detection algorithm that can be used to classify different types of traffic incident. Then, it can notify the necessary target of the incident. We also compare our incident detection technique with other VANET techniques.Our third contribution is a novel strategy for information dissemination on highways. First, we aim to prevent secondary accidents. Second, we notify drivers far away from the accident of an expected delay that gives them the option to continue or exit before reaching the incident location. A new mechanism tracks the source of the incident while notifying drivers away from the accident. The more time the incident stays, the further the information needs to be propagated. Furthermore, the denser the traffic, the faster it will backup. In high density highways, an incident may form a backup of vehicles faster than low density highways. In order to satisfy this point, we need to propagate information as a function of density and time.iv

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Traffic flow stability induced by constant time headway policy for adaptive cruise control vehicles

Cited by 100 publications

References 10 publications

Will Automated Vehicles Negatively Impact Traffic Flow?

Will Automated Vehicles Negatively Impact Traffic Flow?

Performance analysis of fuzzy co-operative adaptive cruise controller in vehicular ad hoc networks

Friend: A cyber-physical system for traffic flow related information aggregation and dissemination

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