Traffic Engineering for Multicast Connections in Multiservice Cellular Networks

Abstract

The dynamic development of multiservice cellular networks has resulted in significant changes in the system architecture, which, in turn, has led to a broad distribution of many mechanisms and functions responsible for traffic management. These mechanisms take advantage of appropriate algorithms and analytic dependencies to ensure optimal quality of service that can be tailored to the objectives of the network operator. This paper proposes a new analytical model of a cellular network that supports multicast connections in a distributed environment. It is assumed that, in the cells participating in multicast connections, it is possible to apply different and independent traffic management mechanisms such as, for example, threshold mechanisms and resource reservation mechanisms. The proposed method can be used in an evaluation and scientific methods of research in the traffic effectiveness of multicast connections in given load conditions of a cellular network. An application of the method can have a particular significance in designing high-bit-rate multicast services to users in 4G networks. The analytical model proposed in this paper is verified on the basis of simulation examinations of cellular networks with multicast connections. The investigations confirm high accuracy of the model and the correctness of all theoretical assumptions adopted in the study.

QoS-Aware Hierarchical Web Caching Scheme for Online Video Streaming Applications in Internet-Based Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

“…Using equations (3), (4), (5) and (6), various parameters such as LUR, downloading and uploading cost, frame length and size, and mean waiting time were computed (lines 8-13). The quality of video streaming using parameters such as traffic flow rate and effective transmission across each channel were computed using equations (8)-(11) (lines [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…In the last few years, researchers have offered reports on several web caching techniques for accessing multimedia content [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. In these proposals, the traffic load is shared among the layers (as shown in figure 1) to optimize the selection of resources and routes for video transmissions.…”

Modelling of the access part of a multi-service mobile network with service priorities

“…Given the concurrent nature of the call service in two multiservice systems (radio interface and Iub interface), the article employs the fixed point methodology [42]. This method has already been used in earlier works of the authors (e.g., in [44,[46][47][48][49][50]) in order to take into account the concurrency of service processes that occur in different multi-service systems. The fixed point methodology is characterized by a high effectiveness, e.g., [42].…”

Modelling and optimization of traffic loads of the radio access network

“…a cell with no traffic management mechanisms, (Formulae (4)-(5)) or cells with introduced traffic management mechanisms that make the system dependent on state (Equations (6)- (7)). The fixed-point methodology is also used in the analysis of mechanisms such as handover (handover) [13], [15], or modelling of multicast connections [7], [16].…”

“…Mechanisms for servicing multicast connections (mul ticast) comprise of the "technological level" [27] and "service level" [16]. In the former, the subscriber does not "see" such a connection as a multicast connection, while, in reality, the subscriber is connected to a number of base stations concurrently (soft and softer handover [13] -nowadays, even up to about 40% connections).…”