Traffic Congestion Level in 10 Selected Cities of Poland

Caban, Jacek

doi:10.20858/sjsutst.2021.112.2

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Transport is also an important source of primary particulate matter, which is not only due to t fuel combustion but also the wear and tear of tires and brakes and, last but not least, it is a very important source of greenhouse gas emissions [7,8]. In their study, Caban et al monitored vehicle emissions when crossing an intersection [9]. Through their research, they supported the claim that road transport is one of the main producers of greenhouse gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Exhaust Emissions Measurement of a Vehicle with Retrofitted LPG System

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the production of exhaust emissions from a vehicle with a petrol engine with the Euro 4 emission standard and powered by petrol and LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). The paper presents new possibilities for monitoring exhaust emissions using an exhaust gas analyzer. At the same time, it points out the topicality and significance of the issue in the monitored area. It examines the impact of a change in fuel on emissions. This change is monitored in various areas of vehicle operation. Measurements were performed during real operation, which means that the results are fully usable and applicable in practice. The driving simulation as well as the test conditions correspond to the RDE (Real Driving Emissions) test standard. A commercially available car was first selected to perform the tests, which was first measured in the original configuration (petrol drive). Based on real-time RDE driving tests, it is possible to determine the number of exhaust emissions. Subsequently, the same measurements were performed with the same vehicle, but the vehicle’s propulsion was changed to LPG. The vehicle was equipped with an additional system that allowed the vehicle to be powered by LPG. The results from the individual driving tests allowed the determination of the exhaust emissions. Emissions of CO (carbon monoxide), CO2 (carbon dioxide), HC (hydrocarbons), and NOX (nitrogenoxides) were monitored as a matter of priority. Through the driving tests, it was found that the gasoline combustion produced higher CO (1.926 g/km) and CO2 (217.693 g/km) emissions compared to the combustion of liquefied gas, where the concentration of the CO emissions was 1.892 g/km and that of the CO2 emissions was 213.966 g/km. In contrast, the HC (0.00397 g/km) and NOX (0.03107 g/km) emissions were lower when petrol was burned. During LPG combustion, the HC emissions reached 0.00430 g/km, and the NOX emissions reached 0.05134 g/km. At the end of the research, the authors compared the emissions determined by real driving (in g/km) with the emission values produced by the emission standard EURO 4 and the certificate of conformity (COC). Practical measurements showed that the vehicle produced excessive amounts of CO when burning gasoline. This production is 0.926 g/km higher and 0.892 g/km higher when burning LPG compared to the limit set by the Euro 4 Emission Standard. The difference is even greater than the limit value stated in the COC document. For other substances, the monitored values are in the norm and are even far below the permitted value

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Exhaust Emissions Measurement of a Vehicle with Retrofitted LPG System

et al. 2022

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“…Dimana knalpot mobil merupakan sumber utama pencemaran udara yang sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Menurut penelitian sebelumnya terkait dampak pengapian elektronik kendaraan bermotor, lokasi-lokasi tersebut merupakan kawasan ramai dan berbagai persimpangan terutama di perkotaan [3]. Penelitian sebekumnya juga telah menunjukkan bahwa polusi udara menyebabkan banyak penyakit dan menyebabkan biaya tambahan.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Alur penelitian Tabel 1. Parameter teknis Kia Ceed Brand KIA Trade name Cee'dKode mesin G4FCNomor Silinder 4Perpindahan Silinder 1591 cm3…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analisis Dampak Kesalahan Dalam Simulasi Manajemen Elektronik Mesin Pada Pengoperasian Kendaraan Bermotor

Saragih

Lavi²,

Pracipta³

et al. 2022

JMEMME

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For internal combustion engine electrical management in order for an engine to function properly, all its electronic components must function and play their role. Failure of these electronic components may result in improper preparation of the fuel mixture. This also affects driving safety. The impact of individual errors can have a negative impact on traffic safety and can also have a negative impact on other participants. The subject of this study was to investigate the impact of failure of electronic components on selected operating characteristics. This article is to determine the failure rate of electronic mechanical components and can affect the operation of road vehicles. Eight electronic system faults are simulated with specific vehicles and use fuel assemblies in gasoline fuel. Measurements were made based on laboratory conditions that gave to change the characteristics of the vehicle handling between damage and corruption. Making the vehicle power parameters and the selected exhaust emission components are determined for the selected vehicle characteristics. The results show that the engine failure of the electronic system has a great impact on the operating characteristics, and at the same time there are situations in the normal operating state of the vehicle in which some of these defects are unknown to the vehicle operator ricefield. The results of the publication can be used in the fields of written law, production and operation of road vehicles, and mathematical modeling of gas emission production from road transportation.

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“…Places where the main source of air pollution is exhaust fumes from cars are very dangerous for the health of the population. Caban's research has shown that such places are areas of congestion and various crossroads, especially in cities [3]. Studies show that air pollution causes many diseases, which lead to additional costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Engine Electronic Management Fault Simulation on Vehicle Operation

Šarkan

Loman

Synák

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The preparation of the fuel mixture of a conventional internal combustion engine is currently controlled exclusively electronically. In order for the electrical management of an internal combustion engine to function properly, it is necessary that all its electronic components work flawlessly and fulfill their role. Failure of these electronic components can cause incorrect fuel mixture preparation and also affect driving safety. Due to the effect of individual failures, it has a negative impact on road safety and also negatively affects other participants. The task of the research is to investigate the effect of the failure of electronic engine components on the selected operating characteristics of a vehicle. The purpose of this article is to specify the extent to which a failure of an electronic engine component may affect the operation of a road vehicle. Eight failures of electronic systems (sensors and actuators) were simulated on a specific vehicle, with a petrol internal combustion engine. Measurements were performed in laboratory conditions, the purpose of which was to quantify the change in the operating characteristics of the vehicle between the faulty and fault-free state. The vehicle performance parameters and the production of selected exhaust emission components were determined for selected vehicle operating characteristics. The results show that in the normal operation of vehicles, there are situations where a failure in the electronic system of the engine has a significant impact on its operating characteristics and, at the same time, some of these failures are not identifiable by the vehicle operator. The findings of the publication can be used in the drafting of legislation, in the field of production and operation of road vehicles, and also in the mathematical modeling of the production of gaseous emissions by road transport.

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Traffic Congestion Level in 10 Selected Cities of Poland

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

Exhaust Emissions Measurement of a Vehicle with Retrofitted LPG System

Exhaust Emissions Measurement of a Vehicle with Retrofitted LPG System

Analisis Dampak Kesalahan Dalam Simulasi Manajemen Elektronik Mesin Pada Pengoperasian Kendaraan Bermotor

Influence of Engine Electronic Management Fault Simulation on Vehicle Operation

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