The paper describes the energy consumption and GHG production comparison of three transport modes-road, rail and waterborne. The calculations are done according to the legislation in force-standard EN 16 258:2012 Methodology for calculation and declaration of energy consumption and GHG emissions of transport services (freight and passengers). The results have high informative value because they take into account energy consumption and emissions from primary and secondary consideration. The calculation is done by real fuel consumption values (road and waterborne) and by simulation of energy consumption (railway). The energy and emission coefficients from the standard EN were used for estimating the results according to the well-to-wheels and tank-to-wheels principles.
Many traffic accidents are due to an incorrect assessment of the current situation by the driver of the vehicle. With correct assessment of the situation, the driver has also to take into account a number of other factors. This article focuses on some of these factors such as the vehicle load, vehicle speed and curve radius. The first part of the article deals with the position of the vehicle center of gravity (CG), which has a major impact on the driving characteritics of the vehicle. The paper demonstrates the calculation of the maximum speed of a car model and truck model (without load and with load) when cornering. The center of gravity has an effect on the vehicle axles load distribution, and thereby on braking forces. This issue is dealt with in the second part of the paper. In the last part the calculation of the braking force as a function of the adhesion coefficient of the tires depending on the road surface is mentioned. The importance of the contribution consists in quantifying the impact of vehicle load on its driving characteristics.
Summary. This article focuses on the comparison of the amount of emissions produced by vehicles with a combustion engine and electric cars. The comparison, which is based on the LCA factor results, indicates that an electric car produces more emissions than a vehicle with combustion engine. The implementation of electric cars will lead to an increase in the production of greenhouse gases.
Abstract. The article aims to measure the intensity of the exterior noise of a vehicle in motion. It provides the results of the measurements of the external noise of selected vehicles in motion and the impact of selected factors on the sound level of driving. There are done two measurements in the paper. Results from the first one are comparing noise level of 9 passenger cars according to the Directive 71/157/EEC. The second one shows the road surface influence on the exterior noise of moving vehicle where the sound level was measured by a road whose surface was made of slightly degraded concrete, and at a different place of the same road, where the surface was renovated by applying asphalt mix onto it.
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