Traditional Uses, Bioactive Compounds, and Pharmacological Investigations of Calendula arvensis L.: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Calendula arvensis L. (Asteraceae) is a famous ornamental and medicinal plant widely distributed in Mediterranean countries and the southern region of Europe. This reputed species is widely used in traditional medicine in the treatment of many disorders and has various bioactivities, especially anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. The present review was conducted to provide a critical review of the comprehensive and current knowledge regarding C. arvensis species, in particular, its taxonomy and geographical distribution, botanical description, medicinal uses, phytochemical compounds, pharmacological properties, and toxicity investigations. The data collected on C. arvensis were obtained using different scientific research databases such as PubMed, SciFinder, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Wiley Online, and Scopus. Phytochemical screening of different C. arvensis extracts and essential oils showed their richness in bioactive compounds, particularly in fatty acids, sterols, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and terpenoid compounds. The findings of this review showed that the pharmacological activities of C. arvensis confirm its importance and diversity as a traditional remedy for many diseases. This plant presents a wide range of bioactivities, namely, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitrypanosomial, antitumoral, antimutagenic, and immunomodulatory activities, as well as hemolytic properties and wound treatment. Nevertheless, pharmacokinetic validation and toxicological examinations are required to detect any possible toxicity for future clinical trials.

Comparative Metabolomics of Ligulate and Tubular Flowers of Two Cultivars of Calendula officinalis L.

“…The PCA model of the complete metabolomic database effectively distinguished four groups of samples belonging to ligulate and tubular flowers of two cultivars of C. officinalis (Figure 3). The separation between flower samples was observed along the first principal component (t [1]), which accounted for 60% and 58% of the variance in negative and positive ions in the database, respectively (Figure 3). The second principal component (t [2]) separated the samples of GS and PG cultivars, explaining 14% and 13%, respectively.…”

“…Calendula officinalis L., commonly known as pot marigold, is an annual plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It has been used in traditional medicine for centuries [ 1 ]. Preparations made from C. officinalis have been shown to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities [ 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

“…Compared to phenolic compounds and triterpenoids, the lipids in C. officinalis inflorescences have been poorly studied, except for carotenoids [ 1 , 4 ]. The composition and relative content of fatty acids are known [ 17 ].…”

Effect of Combination of Some Phytoconstituents of Pharmacological Interest on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats

“…The intrinsic advantage of phytoconstituents lies in their DOI: 10.36348/merjms.2023.v03i03.001 multifaceted mode of action, frequently exerting influence on various targets within biological systems. This multifactorial modus operandi resonates harmoniously with the intricate intricacies associated with impediments in diabetic wound healing, rendering phytoconstituents as compelling subjects for research investigation [5].…”

Evaluation of Calendula Samples Collected from Nature and Obtained from Herbalists According to European Pharmacopoeia 8.0

“…KFA'e karşılık gelen açık mavi ince floresans zon test çözeltisinde de görülmekte olup hemen altında başka bir içerik maddesine ait olduğu düşünülen daha geniş mavi floresans bant yer almaktadır.Spektrofotometrik miktar tayininde farmakopede yer alan monografa göre flavonoit miktar yüzdesinin minimum %0,4 olması beklenmektedir ve çalışılan tüm örneklerde flavonoit miktarı bu yüzdeden fazla olacak şekilde gözlenmiştir. 6 örnek içerisinde en yüksek flavonoit içeriğinin İzmir-Bornova'dan toplanan C. arvensis bitkisine ait çiçeklerde görülmesi ilgi çekicidir.Geleneksel kullanımda C. arvensis çiçekleri diüretik, diaforetik etkisiyle antipiretik, antienflamatuar, adet düzenleyici, karaciğer koruyucu ve yara iyi edici olarak, C. officinalis bitkisinin çiçekli dalları da benzer şekilde antipiretik, antienflamatuar, analjezik, cilt hastalıklarında özellikle yara iyi edici özellikleriyle sıklıkla dahilen infüzyon haricen merhem gibi şekillerde kullanılmaktadır 1,[16][17][18]. Fitoterapide Calendula officinalis'in yaygın bir kullanımı bulunup, bitkiden hazırlanan preparatlar bilhassa kozmetik ve dermatolojik olarak değerlendirilmektedir.…”