Traditional and current-prospective methods of agricultural plant diseases detection: A review

Abstract

As it is known, a significant part of the yield of agricultural crops is lost due to harmful organisms, including diseases. The article reveals the data on the widespread types of plant diseases (rot, wilting, deformation, the formation of tumors, pustules, etc.) and their symptoms. Early identification of the pathogen type of plant infection is of high significance for disease control. Various methods are used to diagnose pathogens of disease on plant. This article discusses the review of the literature data on traditional methods for diagnosis of plant pathogens, such as visual observation, microscopy, mycological analysis, and biological diagnostics or the use of indicator plants. Rapid and reliable detection of plant disease and identification of its pathogen is the first and most important stage in disease control. Early identification of the cause of the disease allows timely selection of the proper protection method and ensures prevention of crop losses. There are a number of traditional methods for identifying plant diseases, however, in order to ensure the promptness and reliability of diagnostics, as well as to eliminate the shortcomings inherent in traditional diagnostics, in recent years, new means and technologies for identifying pathogens have been developed and introduced into practice. As well as the article provides information on such innovative methods of diagnosis of diseases and identification of their pathogens, which are used widely in the world today, such as immunodiagnostics, molecular-genetic (and phylogenetic) identification, mass spectrometry, etc.

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“…Traditional methods, such as visual observation, microscopy, pure cultures isolation, immunological tests, polymerase chain This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. reaction (PCR), DNA microarrays, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS; Khakimov et al, 2022), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA hybridization, are widely used for plant genotyping, detection of plant pathogens and GMO identification in crops (Batley, 2015;Henry, 2014). However, these methods are complex, time consuming, require special laboratory setup and thus not compatible with point-of-care diagnostics.…”

“…Traditional methods, such as visual observation, microscopy, pure cultures isolation, immunological tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA microarrays, matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS; Khakimov et al ., 2022 ), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA hybridization, are widely used for plant genotyping, detection of plant pathogens and GMO identification in crops (Batley, 2015 ; Henry, 2014 ). However, these methods are complex, time consuming, require special laboratory setup and thus not compatible with point‐of‐care diagnostics.…”