Trade Unions in Western Europe since 1945

Ebbinghaus, Bernhard; Visser, Jelle

doi:10.1007/978-1-349-65511-3

Cited by 355 publications

(228 citation statements)

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“…Because Germany has a well-developed system of vocational training, parents accumulate considerable occupation-specific skills and will typically view their occupations as important identities, and the family accordingly becomes a site in which such skills or commitments can be conveyed and in which aspirations for occupational reproduction can emerge (e.g., Müller and Gangl 2003;Burkhauser, Holtz-Eakin, and Rhody 1998;DiPrete et al 1997;DiPrete and McManus 1996;Blossfeld and Mayer 1988;Shavit and Müller 1998). At the same time, Germany is also the home ground of big-class structuration, as expressed particularly in the difference in employment regulations for wage earners, employees (Angestellte), and civil servants (Beamte) and the importance of bigclass trade unions in collective bargaining and codetermination (Ebbinghaus and Visser 2000;Kocka 1981). The typical German parent will therefore embrace both a big-class and occupational identity and presumably transfer those commitments to their children.…”

Section: Cross-national Differences In Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microclass Mobility: Social Reproduction in Four Countries

Jönsson

Grusky

Carlo

et al. 2009

American Journal of Sociology

236

248

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In the sociological literature on social mobility, the long-standing convention has been to assume that intergenerational reproduction takes one of two forms, either a categorical form that has parents passing on a big-class position to their children, or a gradational form that has parents passing on their socioeconomic standing to their children. These conventional approaches ignore in their own ways the important role that occupations play in transferring advantage and disadvantage from one generation to the next. In log-linear analyses of nationally representative data from the United States, Sweden, Germany, and Japan, we show that (a) occupations are an important conduit for reproduction, (b) the most extreme rigidities in the mobility regime are only revealed when analyses are carried out at the detailed occupational level, and (c) much of what shows up as big-class reproduction in conventional mobility analyses is in fact occupational reproduction in disguise. Although the four countries studied here differ in the extent to which the occupational form has been institutionalized, we show that it is too prominent to ignore in any of these countries. Even in Japan, which has long been regarded as distinctively "deoccupationalized," we find evidence of extreme occupational rigidities. These results suggest that an occupational mechanism for reproduction may be a fundamental feature of all contemporary mobility regimes.

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Section: Cross-national Differences In Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microclass Mobility: Social Reproduction in Four Countries

Jönsson

Grusky

Carlo

et al. 2009

American Journal of Sociology

236

248

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“…Therefore, one can conclude that the stronger the representation of insiders' interests through unions, the lower the chances that outsiders (such as young people) will obtain permanent contracts. Since the power of unions has weakened over time in Germany (Ebbinghaus and Visser 2000), one can expect, ceteris paribus, that young workers will face a decreasing risk of temporary employment. Noteworthy is that the presumed effect of a weakening in union power counteracts the effect of an increase in temporary employment among youths as expected by Mills and Blossfeld (2005).…”

Section: Institutional Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbeitsmarktflexibilisierung und Ungleichheit: Der Wandel der Risikomuster befristeter Beschäftigung in Westdeutschland

Gebel

Giesecke²

2009

ZAF

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While previous research on temporary employment has shown that certain labour market groups are more likely than others to enter this kind of employment, there has been scant research on the question concerning to what extent these allocation patterns have changed over time. Against the background of pervasive structural and institutional changes which have affected the West German labour market since the beginning of the 1990s, there are reasons to believe that allocation patterns have changed as well. However, on a theoretical level there are different views regarding the quality of these changes. Whereas some scholars argue that social inequality has been exacerbated along the existing lines of social division, others maintain that risks are becoming less and less socially structured. To evaluate this question empirically, we use data from the German Mikrozensus for the period from 1989 to 2005. The analysis reveals first of all that, on the aggregate level, the overall proportion of temporary employment has increased only slightly during that period; secondly, the results show that especially those individuals belonging to groups that already had a weak labour market position have been allocated increasingly to temporary jobs; thirdly, contrary to the thesis of a de-structuration of social inequality, the findings Labour market flexibility and inequality: the changing risk patterns of temporary employment in West Germany 235 "klassischer" Determinanten befristeter Beschäftigungs-verhältnisse entgegen der These einer Entstrukturierung sozialer Ungleichheit nicht verringert hat.

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“…12 Neocorporatism is an index based on eleven indicators measuring the presence of cooperative arrangements between firms, labor and the state (see also Hicks and Kenworthy 1998). 13 Next, I evaluated the influence of unionization with data collected from a variety of sources that are designed to offer standardized measures for rich Western democracies (Ebbinghaus and Visser 2000;Hirsch and MacPherson 2000;Visser 1996). Specifically, I measured gross union density as the ratio of gross union members over the labor force multiplied by 100, and employed union density as the ratio of employed union members over total civilian employees multiplied by 100.…”

Section: Measures Of Left Political Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Politics of Poverty: Left Political Institutions, the Welfare State, and Poverty

Brady

2003

Social Forces

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Trade Unions in Western Europe since 1945

Cited by 355 publications

References 0 publications

Microclass Mobility: Social Reproduction in Four Countries

Microclass Mobility: Social Reproduction in Four Countries

Arbeitsmarktflexibilisierung und Ungleichheit: Der Wandel der Risikomuster befristeter Beschäftigung in Westdeutschland

The Politics of Poverty: Left Political Institutions, the Welfare State, and Poverty

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