Tracking (Poly)phenol Components from Raspberries in Ileal Fluid

Abstract

The (poly)phenols in ileal fluid after ingestion of raspberries were analyzed by targeted and nontargeted LC-MS(n) approaches. Targeted approaches identified major anthocyanin and ellagitannin components at varying recoveries and with considerable interindividual variation. Nontargeted LC-MS(n) analysis using an orbitrap mass spectrometer gave exact mass MS data which were sifted using a software program to select peaks that changed significantly after supplementation. This method confirmed the recovery of the targeted components but also identified novel raspberry-specific metabolites. Some components (including ellagitannin and previously unidentified proanthocyanidin derivatives) may have arisen from raspberry seeds that survived intact in ileal samples. Other components include potential breakdown products of anthocyanins, unidentified components, and phenolic metabolites formed either in the gut epithelia or after absorption into the circulatory system and efflux back into the gut lumen. The possible physiological roles of the ileal metabolites in the large bowel are discussed.

Comparison of bioactivities and phenolic composition of Choerospondias axillaris peels and fleshes

“…The crude extracts were used to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The purified extracts were lyophilized and used for antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity determinations as well as UPLC/ESI‐QTOF‐MS analysis.…”

“…The optimal values of the source parameters were as follows: capillary voltage, 4 kV; drying gas flow, 10 L min −1 ; drying gas temperature, 350 °C; nebulizing gas pressure, 40 psi. Moreover, the pseudo‐molecular ions [M − H] − were selected as precursor ions and subjected to MS analysis. The collision energy was set at 20 eV and the fragmentor voltage was set at 175 V, using nitrogen as collision gas.…”

“…In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in studying phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables owing to their health‐promoting properties. Epidemiological studies have indicated that consumption of fruits and vegetables is negatively associated with some age‐related diseases in humans, such as cardiovascular diseases and certain types of cancer . This association is often attributed to the antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables, such as carotenoids, vitamins C and phenolic compounds, which prevent free radical damage .…”

“…Therefore the objectives of this research were (i) to investigate comparatively the soluble and bound phenolic and flavonoid contents in C. axillaris fruit peel polyphenolic (PP) and flesh polyphenolic (FP) extracts and to identify the major phenolic compounds by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI‐QTOF‐MS), (ii) to assess the antioxidant activity of PP and FP via 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH • ) scavenging, ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant activity, (iii) to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of PP and FP against several food‐borne pathogenic bacteria using agar diffusion and broth micro‐dilution methods and (iv) to assess and compare the antiproliferative activities of PP and FP against HepG2 and Caco‐2 cell lines by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.…”

Novel raspberry triterpenoids with potential anti-cancer effects

“…Using non-targeted LC-MS n of ileal fluids from eleven ileostomates who completed a raspberry feeding study 3 , we identified novel compounds and putatively identified major components as fruit triterpenoid glycosides. The major triterpenoid had an apparent MW of 680 and could be purified from raspberry seeds.…”