Tracing the origin of the panda’s thumb

Abellá, Juan; Pérez‐Ramos, Alejandro; Valenciano, Alberto; Alba, David M.; Ercoli, Marcos D.; Hontecillas, Daniel; Montoya, Plinio; Morales, Jorge

doi:10.1007/s00114-015-1286-3

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Much research has been performed regarding sesamoids in mammals, but unevenly distributed among clades and sesamoids. The best studied orders are Rodentia, mainly Mus musculus as a model organism (Pedersen, ; Wirtschafter & Tsujimura, ; Ralphs et al, ; Ralphs, Tyers & Benjamin, ; Doherty et al, ; Koyama et al, ; Eyal et al, , a , b ; Abella et al, ), Primates (Jungers et al, ; Walji & Fasana, ; Le Minor, , , ; Sarin et al, ), mainly focused on Homo sapiens within a clinical framework (see Section V), and Carnivora (Carey et al, ; Vaughan & France, ; McCarthy & Wood, ; Arnbjerg & Heje, ; Červený & Páral, ; Endo et al, ; Kirberger et al, ; Walker et al, ; Antón et al, ; Salesa et al, ; Abella et al, ). Surprisingly, aquatic mammals with their highly divergent skeletons have been largely ignored within the sesamoid literature.…”

Section: Sesamoids In Tetrapodamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carey et al, ; Barnett & Lewis, ; Jungers et al, ; Holladay et al, ; Smith et al, ; Bland & Ashhurst, ; Clark & Stechschulte, ; Reese et al, ; Eyal et al, , a ; Inamassu et al, ; reviewed in Samuels et al, ), the radial sesamoid or ‘prepollex’ (see Section VI; e.g. Wood‐Jones, ; Le Minor, ; Endo et al, ; Sánchez‐Villagra & Menke, ; Antón et al, ; Salesa et al, ; Hutchinson et al, ; Mitgutsch et al, ; Abella et al, , ), the cyamella (located in the tendon of the m. popliteus) and fabellae (located in the tendon of the m. gastrocnemius) (e.g. McCarthy & Wood, ; Le Minor, ; Arnbjerg & Heje, ; Červený & Páral, ; Sarin et al, ; Salas et al, ).…”

Section: Sesamoids In Tetrapodamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, evolutionary studies were performed (e.g. Sarin et al, ; Sánchez‐Villagra & Menke, ; Abella et al, ; Samuels et al, ; Amador et al, ; Yammine, ), particularly for the radial sesamoid. During the last decade, molecular and developmental approaches have refreshed and clarified former hypotheses regarding the origin of sesamoids (e.g.…”

Section: Sesamoids In Tetrapodamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sesamoids in tetrapods: the origin of new skeletal morphologies

et al. 2019

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Along with supernumerary bones, sesamoids, defined as any organized intratendinous/intraligamentous structure, including those composed of fibrocartilage, adjacent to an articulation or joint, have been frequently considered as enigmatic structures associated with the joints of the skeletal system of vertebrates. This review allows us to propose a dynamic model to account for part of skeletal phenotypic diversity: during evolution, sesamoids can become displaced, attaching to and detaching from the long bone epiphyses and diaphysis. Epiphyses, apophyses and detached sesamoids are able to transform into each other, contributing to the phenotypic variability of the tetrapod skeleton. This dynamic model is a new paradigm to delineate the contribution of sesamoids to skeletal diversity. Herein, we first present a historical approach to the study of sesamoids, discussing the genetic versus epigenetic theories of their genesis and growth. Second, we construct a dynamic model. Third, we present a summary of literature on sesamoids of the main groups of tetrapods, including veterinary and human clinical contributions, which are the best-studied aspects of sesamoids in recent decades. Finally, we discuss the identity of certain structures that have been labelled as sesamoids despite insufficient formal testing of homology. We also propose a new definition to help the identification of sesamoids in general. This review is particularly timely, given the recent increasing interest and research activity into the developmental biology and mechanics of sesamoids. With this updated and integrative discussion, we hope to pave the way to improve the understanding of sesamoid biology and evolution.

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Section: Sesamoids In Tetrapodamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sesamoids In Tetrapodamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sesamoids In Tetrapodamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sesamoids in tetrapods: the origin of new skeletal morphologies

et al. 2019

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“…A face oposta aderiu-se ao tendão de inserção do m. abdutor longo do dedo I. Também denominado osso sesamoide radial, osso radial externo ou ainda prepolex (Ewer 1973, Le Minor 1994, Endo et al 1996, Abella et al 2015, está descrito em vários carnívoros e em outros mamíferos como marsupiais, roedores, primatas e quirópteros. Segundo Abella et al (2015) este osso sesamoide é relativamente pequeno e arredondado não só nos canídeos, mas também nos felídeos, hienídeos e refletiria uma locomoção estritamente cursorial. Em contrapartida, quando este osso surge mais robusto e alongado seria compatível com espécies que necessitam de mais movimentos manuais para segurar o alimento, como alguns ursídeos, ailurídeos, mustelídeos e viverrídeos (Abella et al 2015).…”

Section: Abductor Digiti I [Pollicis] Longus)unclassified

“…Segundo Abella et al (2015) este osso sesamoide é relativamente pequeno e arredondado não só nos canídeos, mas também nos felídeos, hienídeos e refletiria uma locomoção estritamente cursorial. Em contrapartida, quando este osso surge mais robusto e alongado seria compatível com espécies que necessitam de mais movimentos manuais para segurar o alimento, como alguns ursídeos, ailurídeos, mustelídeos e viverrídeos (Abella et al 2015). Análises sobre este osso permanecem intrigantes: baseada em espécies ancestrais, Shively (1978) especulou, inclusive, que este osso poderia ser considerado como o primeiro metacarpiano.…”

Section: Abductor Digiti I [Pollicis] Longus)unclassified

Osteologia do membro torácico de Lycalopex gymnocercus Fischer, 1814 (Carnivora, Mammalia): abordagens comparada, radiográfica e osteométrica

et al. 2018

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The forelimb is the part of the post-cranial skeleton that provides more information about locomotion and life habits of a species. The objective of this study was to perform a detailed macroscopic, comparative, radiographic and osteometric investigation of the thoracic limb of Lycalopex gymnocercus. Twenty-four adult specimens collected dead from roadkill were studied. Analysis included macroscopic and comparative descriptions to other canids, radiographic images for recognition of trabeculation patterns and topographical arrangement of bones, linear and three-dimensional measurements, and histological evaluation of the clavicles. The forelimb skeleton of L. gymnocercus presented morphological and functional adaptations in every segment for a specialized cursorial locomotion and some ability to pronation and supination for capture of small vertebrates. There was a tendency for the bones to be longer in males, especially in the distal end of humerus, presumably to fixation of stronger antebrachial muscles. The vestigial clavicle bone was found in all the specimens, had a predominantly cartilaginous nature and was significantly larger in males. The basic conformation of the forelimb skeleton was similar to that of domestic and wild canids described in the literature, although peculiar characteristics of L. gymnocercus have been found.

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A primate with a Panda's thumb: The anatomy of the pseudothumb of Daubentonia madagascariensis

Hartstone‐Rose

Dickinson

Boettcher

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: Accessory digits have evolved independently within several mammalian lineages. Most notable among these is the pseudothumb of the giant panda, which has long been considered one of the most extraordinary examples of contingent evolution. To date, no primate has been documented to possess such an adaptation. Here, we investigate the presence of this structure within the aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis), a species renowned for several other specialized morphological adaptations in the hand, including a morphologically unique third digit. Materials and Methods: We combine physical dissection techniques with digital imaging processes across a sample of five individuals (four adults and one immature individual) to describe and visualize the anatomy of the wrist and hand within the aye-aye. Results: A distinct pseudothumb, which consists of both a bony component (an expanded radial sesamoid) and a dense cartilaginous extension (the "prepollex") was observed in all specimens. We demonstrate that this pseudodigit receives muscular attachments from three muscles which collectively have the potential to enable abduction, adduction and opposition. Finally, we demonstrate that the pseudothumb possesses its own distinct pad within the palm, complete with independent dermatoglyphs. Discussion: Pseudothumbs have been suggested to improve palmar dexterity in taxa with overlygeneralized first digits (e.g., pandas) and to widen the hand for digging (e.g., some fossorial moles), but This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

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Tracing the origin of the panda’s thumb

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Sesamoids in tetrapods: the origin of new skeletal morphologies

Sesamoids in tetrapods: the origin of new skeletal morphologies

Osteologia do membro torácico de Lycalopex gymnocercus Fischer, 1814 (Carnivora, Mammalia): abordagens comparada, radiográfica e osteométrica

A primate with a Panda's thumb: The anatomy of the pseudothumb of Daubentonia madagascariensis

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