Trace Metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) and Stable Isotope Ratios (δ13C and δ15N) in Fish from Wulungu Lake, Xinjiang, China

Abstract

Wulungu Lake is a vital fishery area in Xinjiang. However, the concentration, enrichment rules, and sources of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the aquatic organisms, have rarely been investigated. The results suggest that the concentrations of As, Ni, Pb, and Zn were higher than those recommended by the national standards for edible fish in some species. Hg, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Zn in the fish were dependent on the concentration of trace metals in the water environment (p < 0.05). The body weights of the fish were significantly negatively correlated with only Hg (p < 0.05); however, their body lengths were significantly positively correlated with As, Cu, Zn, and Hg contents. Values of δ13C ‰ (δ15N ‰) for the entire fish food web was found to range from −19.9‰ (7.37‰) to −27.7‰ (15.9‰), indicating a wide range of trophic positions and energy sources. Based on the linear correlation, As, Cu, Cd, and Zn contents were positively correlated with δ15N (p < 0.05), and bioaccumulation was observed in the fish. The target hazard quotient (THQ) of all fish species was less than 1, indicating the absence of potential risks to human health.

Assessment of human health hazard associated with heavy metal accumulation in popular freshwater, coastal and marine fishes from south-west region, Bangladesh

“…The APLI approach is used to assess the harmful effects of different metals on exposed [ 32 ] freshwater, coastal and marine fishes, the following formula is used in Eq. (2) .…”

Human health risk ​and receptor model-oriented sources of heavy metal pollution in commonly consume vegetable and fish species of high Ganges river floodplain agro-ecological area, Bangladesh

“…The average pollution load index (APLI) approach is used to evaluate the possibly harmful effects of studied metals in exposed vegetable and fish species ( Liu et al., 2021 ), the following formula is used in Eq. (1) .…”

“…(1) . where APLI indicate metals and metalloids contamination in fish and vegetable samples; n represent the number of metals and metalloids; C i is the mean value of metals and metalloids measured in fish and vegetable samples; S i is the maximum admissible concentration (MAC) of metals and metalloids ( Table 2 ); the greater the PI value suggested that the fish and vegetable is not consumable ( Liu et al., 2021 ). Based on the metals and metalloids concentration in fish and vegetable species, the PI < 0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.5, 0.5–0.7, 0.7–1.0, >1.0, unpolluted; micro pollution; lightly polluted moderately, polluted; moderately polluted; heavily pollution; seriously polluted, respectively.…”

Effect of Trace Metal Ions on the Conformational Stability of the Visual Photoreceptor Rhodopsin

“…Furthermore, these trace elements play an essential role in human visual physiological function [ 16 ]. The absence or excess of trace elements may lead to various diseases [ 17 , 18 ]. For instance, insufficient iron levels can result in anemia, inadequate iodine intake can lead to thyroid disorders, and a deficiency in zinc can cause the dysfunction of retinal cells, contributing to the development of diverse eye diseases [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”