Trace metal concentrations in leachates from open dumpsites in Lokoja, Kogi state, Nigeria

Abstract

Leachates from selected dumpsites and control site in Lokoja municipal were analyzed for trace metal concentrations. These parameters were compared with control samples and established international standards (FEPA) and (WHO). Dumpsite leachates contained very high concentrations of iron (73.60±0.58)mg/L, manganese (16.53±0.309)mg/L, copper 1.00±0.02mg/L, zinc 2.41±0.042mg/L, and lead 1.55±0.097mg/L. All the parameters except nickel and cadmium were above the control and exceed FEPA and WHO guidelines. The study revealed that the dumpsite is a major polluting source in the surrounding environment. This underlines the need for appropriate government agency of Kogi State, Nigeria to initiate active remediation process such as phytoremediation in combination with physiochemical methods to recover the dumpsite from contaminants and reduce the level of pollution in the surrounding environment.

Profiling and Characterization of Environmental Quality of Leachates from Selected Dumpsites in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

“…Significant variations exist in many factors including chemical composition [31] however the ratio of BOD to COD, considered as a good indicator of the proportion of biochemically degradable organic matter to total organic matter [21] for the present study is 0.58, 0.65, 0.63 and 0.71 for Nekede dumpsite, World Bank MLS, Irete MLS and Orji MLS correspondingly. This is in tandem with [32][33][34][35] and [36], with values 0.58, 0.63 and 0.69 respectively.…”

“…The values are higher than FEPA and WHO permissible limit. It is higher than concentration obtained by [33] of range 4116-5592 µS/cm. [32] reported an upper limit of 12,500 µS/cm at Awotan dumpsite in Southwest Nigeria.…”

“…[32] reported an upper limit of 12,500 µS/cm at Awotan dumpsite in Southwest Nigeria. Leachate concentration is described as an indication of elevated amounts of pollutants [33]. Table 1 showcase a generation indication of higher concentration of measured elements on the Nekede dumpsite and the Irete MLS against the World Bank and Orji MLS.…”

Physicochemical assessment of leachate from Pokhara landfill site and its impact on the quality of Seti River water, Nepal

“…The analysis of leachate samples of Lokoja municipal open landfills of Nigeria was found to contain high values of TDS of 5180.60 mg/L to 3071.80 mg/L. These values were expressively higher than that of the WHO standard of 2000 mg/L for the discharged wastewater into streams (Olarewaju et al, 2012). In comparison to this, the Pokhara landfill can be regarded to be in a good condition of waste disposal.…”

“…The WHO guideline value of DO is 5 mg/L and under this limit aquatic life does not tolerate. Similarly, water having a DO value below 2 mg/L may lead to death for most fishes (Olarewaju et al, 2012). The leachate of the Pokhara landfill was found to have a pretty low DO of 0.79 mg/L (Figure 5) which is quite low to sustain aquatic life whereas river water is within the limit for the survival of aquatic life.…”