Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture and Characteristics in Different Regions of the Glenoid

Li, Xinning; Williams, Phillip N.; Curry, Emily J.; Choi, Daniel; Craig, Edward V.; Warren, Russell F.; Gulotta, Lawrence V.; Wright, Timothy M.

doi:10.3928/01477447-20150305-52

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…SMI data have been used in support of denosumab ( 16 ), bisphosphonates ( 3 , 17 – 21 ), teriparatide ( 21 – 24 ), strontium ranelate ( 25 ), rosiglitazone ( 26 ), propranolol ( 27 ), and newly discovered molecules ( 28 , 29 ) as treatments to improve bone architecture in human patients. It is well known that SMI is strongly confounded by BV/TV ( 1 , 30 ) [ r = −0.80 ( 31 , 32 ), r = −0.76, −0.93 ( 33 ) , R 2 = 0.86 ( 34 ), R 2 = 0.94 ( 10 ), R 2 = 0.80 ( 4 ), R 2 = 0.91 ( 35 )], so that comparisons of SMI values can be valid only if BV/TV is identical among specimens. This raises problems for studies where BV/TV variation is a prominent feature, for example, those of mechanical (un)loading, osteoporosis, or ovariectomy animal models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Model Index Does Not Measure Rods and Plates in Trabecular Bone

et al. 2015

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Citation:Salmon PL, Ohlsson C, Shefelbine SJ and Doube M (2015) Structure model index (SMI) is widely used to measure rods and plates in trabecular bone. It exploits the change in surface curvature that occurs as a structure varies from spherical (SMI = 4), to cylindrical (SMI = 3) to planar (SMI = 0). The most important assumption underlying SMI is that the entire bone surface is convex and that the curvature differential is positive at all points on the surface. The intricate connections within the trabecular continuum suggest that a high proportion of the surface could be concave, violating the assumption of convexity and producing regions of negative differential. We implemented SMI in the BoneJ plugin and included the ability to measure the amounts of surface that increased or decreased in area after surface mesh dilation, and the ability to visualize concave and convex regions. We measured SMI and its positive (SMI + ) and negative (SMI − ) components, bone volume fraction (BV/TV), the fraction of the surface that is concave (CF), and mean ellipsoid factor (EF) in trabecular bone using 38 X-ray microtomography (XMT) images from a rat ovariectomy model of sex steroid rescue of bone loss, and 169 XMT images from a broad selection of 87 species' femora (mammals, birds, and a crocodile). We simulated bone resorption by eroding an image of elephant trabeculae and recording SMI and BV/TV at each erosion step. Up to 70%, and rarely <20%, of the trabecular surface is concave (CF 0.155-0.700). SMI is unavoidably influenced by aberrations induced by SMI − , which is strongly correlated with BV/TV and CF. The plate-to-rod transition in bone loss is an erroneous observation resulting from the close and artifactual relationship between SMI and BV/TV. SMI cannot discern between the distinctive trabecular geometries typical of mammalian and avian bone, whereas EF clearly detects birds' more plate-like trabeculae. EF is free from confounding relationships with BV/TV and CF. SMI results reported in the literature should be treated with suspicion. We propose that EF should be used instead of SMI for measurements of rods and plates in trabecular bone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Model Index Does Not Measure Rods and Plates in Trabecular Bone

et al. 2015

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“…The evidence of weight‐bearing has been shown by the variations in structural anisotropy and the alignment of trabeculae from normal cadaveric glenoid specimens . Recently, Li et al, showed predominant glenohumeral joint loading in the posterior aspect of the glenoid by quantifying trabecular bone microarchitecture using micro CT scan of eight normal cadaveric glenoid specimens. The anatomical and regional variations of mechanical properties have been measured by ultrasonic method, mechanical in situ indentation testing, and uni‐axial compression test .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glenoid bone quality has been thought as a factor influencing glenoid component loosening, because it provides mechanical and structural support to a glenoid component. Studies have investigated trabecular bone architecture and glenoid bone strength using normal cadaveric glenoid specimens. However, the in vivo characteristics or variations of glenoid trabecular bone quality in patients who underwent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty have been only partially investigated by quantifying distribution of bone mineral density …”

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confidence: 99%

Quantification of regional variations in glenoid trabecular bone architecture and mineralization using clinical computed tomography images

Jun

Vasanji²,

Ricchetti

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The purpose of this study was to demonstrate feasibility of a clinical CT imaging and analysis technique to quantify regional variations in trabecular bone architecture and mineralization of glenoid bones. Specifically, our objective was to determine to what extent clinical CT imaging of intact upper extremities can describe variations of trabecular bone architectures at anatomic and peri-implant regions by comparing trabecular bone architectures as measured by high-resolution, micro CT imaging of same excised glenoid bones. Bone volume fraction (BVF), trabecular bone thickness (TbTh), number of trabecular bone (TbN), spacing (TbS), pattern factor (TbPf), bone surface area (BSA), and skeletal connectivity (Conn.), in addition to bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD), were quantified from both clinical and micro CT images using whole bone, anatomic, and peri-implant bone masks. Strong correlations of BVF, TbTh, TbSp, BMC, and BMD were found between clinical CT and micro CT imaging methods. The variations in BVF, TbTh, TbSp, TbN, BMC, and BMD at anatomical and peri-implant regions were larger than those at whole bone regions. In this study, we have demonstrated that this clinical CT imaging methodology can be used to quantify variations of a patient's glenoid bone at anatomic and peri-implant levels. Statement of Clinical Significance. An in vivo quantitative assessment of glenoid trabecular bone architecture in the anatomic and peri-implant regions may improve our understanding on the role of bone quality on glenoid component loosening following total shoulder arthroplasty. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:85-96, 2018.

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“…The micro‐tomography data was then analyzed with the use of the CTVox program (Bruker) to assess the epiphyses for four markers of trabecular architecture, which have been previously utilized in microstructural studies of the glenoid, distal radius, and femoral head : bone volume fraction (BV/TV, %), trabecular thickness (TbTh, µm), trabecular separation (TbSp, µm), and trabecular number (TbN, 1/mm). Comparisons were then performed between each of the four quadrants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Trabecular Microstructure and Vascular Distribution of Capital Femoral Epiphysis Relevant to Legg–Calve–Perthes Disease

Morris

Liu

Chen

et al. 2019

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is characterized by the capital femoral epiphyseal collapse, which occurs more reliably in the anterior quadrant than the more weight-bearing lateral quadrant. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a vascular or microstructural predisposition for anterior femoral epiphyseal collapse in Perthes disease. Thirty-two cadaveric proximal femoral epiphyses from 17 subjects (age 4-14 years old) underwent micro-computed tomography at 10-μm resolution. Each quadrant was analyzed for four markers of trabecular architecture: bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness, trabecular separation (TbSp), and trabecular number (TbN). Vascular channels were then mapped in each quadrant, identified by correlating surface topography with cross-sectional imaging. One-way analysis of variance revealed an overall difference between quadrants (p < 0.001) in BV/TV, TbN, and TbSp. However, post hoc analysis revealed there was no significant difference between the anterior and lateral quadrants for any of the four markers of trabecular architecture. Vascular channel mapping illustrated a predominance of vessels in the posterior half of the epiphysis compared to the anterior half (8.7 ± 4.0 vs. 3.4 ± 3.1 vascular channels, p < 0.001). The lack of microstructural differences between the anterior and lateral quadrants, and the predominance of vascular channels in the posterior half of the epiphysis with posteriorly-based medial femoral circumflex and ligamentum teres vessels suggests that the anterior femoral epiphysis may be a relative vascular watershed region, which predisposes it to collapse after the vascular insult of Perthes disease. Clinical significance: Improved understanding of the pathophysiology of anterior femoral epiphyseal collapse may inform future treatments aimed at revascularization.

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Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture and Characteristics in Different Regions of the Glenoid

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Structure Model Index Does Not Measure Rods and Plates in Trabecular Bone

Structure Model Index Does Not Measure Rods and Plates in Trabecular Bone

Quantification of regional variations in glenoid trabecular bone architecture and mineralization using clinical computed tomography images

Analysis of Trabecular Microstructure and Vascular Distribution of Capital Femoral Epiphysis Relevant to Legg–Calve–Perthes Disease

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