Structure Model Index Does Not Measure Rods and Plates in Trabecular Bone

Salmon, Phil; Ohlsson, Claes; Shefelbine, Sandra J.; Doube, Michael

doi:10.3389/fendo.2015.00162

Cited by 83 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Two different methods are available to compute the SMI: the SkyScan plug-in and the BoneJ plug-in with the Hildebrand algorithms (Hildebrand and Rüegsegger, 1997). As highlighted by Salmon et al (2015), the SkyScan plug-in consistently leads to smaller SMI values than the Hildebrand plug-in. For the sake of comparison with the data of Gregory et al (2014) , Fig.…”

Section: Multi-site Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore morphology of polar firn around closure revealed by X-ray tomography

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Understanding the slow densification process of polar firn into ice is essential in order to constrain the age difference between the ice matrix and entrapped gases. The progressive microstructure evolution of the firn column with depth leads to pore closure and gas entrapment. Air transport models in the firn usually include a closed porosity profile based on available data. Pycnometry or melting-refreezing techniques have been used to obtain the ratio of closed to total porosity and air content in closed pores, respectively. Xray-computed tomography is complementary to these methods, as it enables one to obtain the full pore network in 3-D. This study takes advantage of this nondestructive technique to discuss the morphological evolution of pores on four different Antarctic sites. The computation of refined geometrical parameters for the very cold polar sites Dome C and Lock In (the two Antarctic plateau sites studied here) provides new information that could be used in further studies. The comparison of these two sites shows a more tortuous pore network at Lock In than at Dome C, which should result in older gas ages in deep firn at Lock In. A comprehensive estimation of the different errors related to X-ray tomography and to the sample variability has been performed. The procedure described here may be used as a guideline for further experimental characterization of firn samples. We show that the closed-to-total porosity ratio, which is classically used for the detection of pore closure, is strongly affected by the sample size, the image reconstruction, and spatial heterogeneities. In this work, we introduce an alternative parameter, the connectivity index, which is practically independent of sample size and image acquisition conditions, and that accurately predicts the close-off depth and density. Its strength also lies in its simple computation, without any assumption of the pore status (open or close). The close-off prediction is obtained for Dome C and Lock In, without any further numerical simulations on images (e.g., by permeability or diffusivity calculations).

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Section: Multi-site Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore morphology of polar firn around closure revealed by X-ray tomography

et al. 2018

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“…Total porosity (Po (tot), %)of trabecular bone of groups G1, G2, G3, and G4 for Pantanal alligator (Caiman yacare) tibia. Salmon et al 2015, Longo et al 2016, 2017, Hsu et al 2016). This technique has been used to for bone quality assessment in different experimental designs as 87 animal species being 69 mammals, 17 birds, and one alligator (Syahrom et al 2011, Salmon et al 2015, Hsu et al 2016, Longo et al 2016, 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salmon et al 2015, Longo et al 2016, 2017, Hsu et al 2016). This technique has been used to for bone quality assessment in different experimental designs as 87 animal species being 69 mammals, 17 birds, and one alligator (Syahrom et al 2011, Salmon et al 2015, Hsu et al 2016, Longo et al 2016, 2017. For this study, μCT was applied for assessment of Pantanal alligator tíbia that had been fed with hyperphosphatemic or balanced diets associated or not with sun exposure and that had developed lesions of fibrous osteodystrophy (Fig.4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Structural Model Index demonstrates the degree of trabecular structure in plate or rod shape (Salmon et al 2015). The plate has a value close to zero prone to flattening, while the rod shape has values above three with a tendency to become cylindrical.…”

Section: Trabecular Bone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, groups G3 and G4 presented negative values, whereas groups G1 and G2 had values close to 3. According to Salmon et al (2015), the mechanical competence of the bone depends on the shape of the trabeculae, being plates mechanically superior to rods. This pattern was evidenced in our study and thus sun exposure (G4) was superior and statistically different from G3 (without sun exposure), both with high rates of plate formation.…”

Section: Trabecular Bone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone quality evaluation of experimental osteometabolic disease in Pantanal alligators (Caiman yacare) by High Resolution Computerized Microtomography (μCT)

et al. 2018

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Computerized microtomography is the gold standard examination for the evaluation of the three-dimensional bone structure. This experiment was developed to evaluate the structure and bone quality of Caiman yacare with metabolic bone disease using high resolution computerized microtomography (μCT). The animals were distributed into four groups: G1 -hyperphosphatemic diet with sun exposure deprivation (n=4), G2 -hyperphosphatemic diet with sun exposure (n=4), G3 -balanced diet with sun exposure deprivation (n=4), and G4 -balanced diet with exposure to sunlight (n=4). The parameters for the trabecular bone (Trabecular Number, Trabecular Thickness, Trabecular Separation, Bone Pattern Factor, Fractal Dimension, Euler Number, Structural Model Index, Degree of Anisotropy, Eigenvalues 1, 2 and 3, and Centroides X, Y and Z), and cortical bone (Number of Closed Pores, Volume of Closed Pores, Surface of Closed Pores, Closed Porosity, Volume of Open Pores, Open Porosity and Total Porosity). The overall results showed that the structure and bone quality of group G3 and G4 were better than those of groups G1 and G2, and that the diet factor influenced more than the sun exposure factor. The computerized microtomography allowed to evaluate the quality of the cortical and trabecular bones of the Pantanal alligator tibia with osteometabolic disease. The diet and sun exposure factors influenced individually the results of the μCT parameters between the groups, demonstrating the functional and structural complexity. Thus, these parameters can contribute to the interpretation of the mechanical behavior of bones and correlate them with the risk of lesions and fractures associated with osteometabolic diseases.

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Material Properties of Musculoskeletal and Peripheral Nerve Tissues

2022

Musculoskeletal Disorders

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Structure Model Index Does Not Measure Rods and Plates in Trabecular Bone

Cited by 83 publications

References 60 publications

Pore morphology of polar firn around closure revealed by X-ray tomography

Pore morphology of polar firn around closure revealed by X-ray tomography

Bone quality evaluation of experimental osteometabolic disease in Pantanal alligators (Caiman yacare) by High Resolution Computerized Microtomography (μCT)

Material Properties of Musculoskeletal and Peripheral Nerve Tissues

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