Toxoplasmosis Gondii Infection and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Treated by Using Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cells a Unique Case Report of a Caucasian 83 Year Old Lady

Abstract

Abstract-Introduction:Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan responsible for up to one-third of the world's population infestation. Diabetes is one of the most silent and threatening disease of the modern time it is constantly increasing in both industrialized and developing countries. This is a case of clinically importance for two reason, firstly it will help clinicians save a broad differential diagnosis when attending to evaluate analogous cases and secondly, it may confirm the role of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PB-SCs) in enhancing auto-immune response against parasitic infection and in regulating insulin uptake in diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Case presentation: We present a unique case of 83-year-old woman from Argentina presenting with a widespread erythema and urticaria for 5 months and DM2 as underlying condition. She was initially diagnosed with unspecific skin auto-immune disorder. By the time of visit she was complaining of constant diarrhea-constipation and general mental and physical fatigue. Conclusion: This case illustrates that toxoplasmosis can present with just simple disseminated and generalized skin erythema with severe itching and, thus can be confused with similar infectious disease such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus, cat scratch disease or leishmaniasis. The report emphasizes the need of correct diagnostic procedure in confusing cases, and may help to increase the awareness about the identification of this disease. This case may open to the possibility of a different approach and methodology in treatment T gondii and DM2 through the use of PB-SCs.

New Translational Trends in Personalized Medicine: Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cells and Plasma for COVID-19 Patient

“…Technically, the heterokaryon, which normally refers to multinucleate cell that contains genetically different nuclei, in this case is indicative of a sort of reprogramming mechanism, a repair process of multi-lineage potential to cells with a previously restricted cellular fate. This is a conclusion also based on stem cells reverse transcriptase enzyme that allows the differentiating shift to mature cell type [18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…It is still unclear which of the MSCs, BM or PB subpopulations are involved into the differentiation process to lung pneumocytes, since both sources were shown to contain at least two different populations of stem cells, each of which were capable of both self-renewal and keeping their differentiation capacity towards multiple phenotypes. Nevertheless, both BM and PB were shown to contain neural stem cells (NSCs), embryonic-like stem cells (ESCs) and the MSCs [18][19][20]. Therefore, a co-existing mechanism for plasticity could be based on the "fusion concept" which proposes a kind of combination between stem cells and non-hematopoietic cells lineage that may eventually induce the production of a heterokaryon.…”

“…In addition, the team was able to confirm (using two group control and study) the presence of 14 hormones (among them testosterone, E2, Progesterone, cortisol, etc.) and the expression of cytokines and interleukins (TNFα, IL-6, IFNy and IL-2) within the extracellular matrix components of the stem cell medium culture [4,19,20,29,30].…”