Toxocariasis in Children: An Update on Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment

El-Sayed, Nagwa Mostafa; Ramadan, Manar Ezzelarab

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1603496

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The body responds through immune reactions, with resultant local inflammation, eosinophilia and cytokines production [8] . According to Toxocara larvae migration through tissues, human toxocariasis is classified into visceral, cerebral, ocular, and covert toxocariasis [9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxocariasis; A Neglected Tropical Disease, Association With Asthma, Chronic Urticaria and Unexplained Neurologic Manifestations Among Children

Temsah

Mostafa

El-Khaleegy

et al. 2020

International Journal of Medical Arts

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Background: The link between parasitic infections and either allergic diseases or unexplained neurologic manifestations was hypothesized especially in children. However, the debate continues regarding this link. Aim of the work: To determine the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in children with different allergic diseases [bronchial asthma and skin allergy], besides the unexplained neurological manifestations [epilepsy and focal neurologic deficits] in children. Patients and methods: Children with bronchial asthma [40 children], skin allergy [40 children], and unexplained neurological manifestations [epilepsy and focal neurologic deficits], [40 children] were included. All underwent a full history taking, clinical examination, lab investigations and determination of seropositivity for Toxocara canis. Results: Eosinophilia was reported in 22.5%, 30.0% and 17.5% of asthma, skin and unexplained neurological manifestations groups respectively. In patients with asthma, the prevalence of toxocariasis was 15.0%, in skin disease, the incidence was 7.5% and in unexplained neurological manifestations, it was 12.5%. There was no significant difference between positive and negative toxocariasis in regard to patient demographics. But there was a significant increase in contact with pets, chronic urticaria, lymph nodes involvement and eosinophilia in positive when compared to negative groups. Conclusion: The association between Toxocara canis infection and allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic urticaria and unexplained neurological manifestations [epilepsy and focal neurologic deficits], was confirmed in the present work. The contact with dogs and cats [pets] was the major determinant risk factor explaining such association. Prospective cohort studies were warranted to examine the cause effect relationship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxocariasis; A Neglected Tropical Disease, Association With Asthma, Chronic Urticaria and Unexplained Neurologic Manifestations Among Children

Temsah

Mostafa

El-Khaleegy

et al. 2020

International Journal of Medical Arts

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“…Throughout their migration, they cause an intense inflammatory response and eosinophilia resulting in three clinical forms in humans: visceral toxocariasis, ocular toxocariasis, and covert toxocariasis. Dog ownership and geophagia are related to Toxocara infection (Magnaval et al 2001;El-Sayed and Ramadan 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Zingiber officinale ethanol extract on the viability, embryogenesis and infectivity of Toxocara canis eggs

El-Sayed

2017

J Parasit Dis

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This study evaluated the effect of e (e) ethanol extract on the viability, embryogenesis and infectivity () eggs. It was carried out both in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro experiment, unembryonated eggs were incubated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/mLe extract at 25 °C for 6, 12, and 24 h to assess the effect of e on their viability and for two weeks to assess the effect ofe on their embryogenesis. In vivo experiment was performed to assess the effect of e on infectivity of eggs. Treated embryonated eggs by extract at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL for 24 h were inoculated into mice and their livers were examined for the presence of larvae on the 7th day after infection and for histopathological evaluation at 14th day post-infection. e showed a significant ovicidal activity on eggs. The best effect was observed with 100 mg/mL concentration after 24 h with an efficacy of 98.2%. However, the treated eggs by 25, 50 mg/mL of extract after 24 h showed ovicidal activity by 59.22 and 82.5% respectively. Moreover, this extract effectively inhibited eggs embryogenesis by 99.64% and caused their degeneration at the concentration of 100 mg/mL after 2 weeks of treatment. However, the lower concentrations, 25 and 50 mg/mL inhibited embryogenesis by 51.19 and 78.57% respectively. The effect of e on the infectivity eggs was proven by the reduction of larvae recovery in the livers by 35.9, 62.8 and 89.5% in mice groups inoculated by treated eggs at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL respectively. Histopathologically, the liver tissues of mice infected with treated eggs at the concentration of 100 mg/mL appeared healthy with slight degenerative changes of hepatocytes, opposite to that recorded in the infected mice with treated eggs by the lower concentrations. In conclusion; extract possessed dose-dependent anti- activity on the viability, embryogenesis and infectivity of eggs.

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A Step Forward Towards Food Safety from Parasite Infective Agents

El-Sayed

Ramadan

Masoud

2021

Food Security and Safety

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Toxocariasis in Children: An Update on Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Toxocariasis; A Neglected Tropical Disease, Association With Asthma, Chronic Urticaria and Unexplained Neurologic Manifestations Among Children

Toxocariasis; A Neglected Tropical Disease, Association With Asthma, Chronic Urticaria and Unexplained Neurologic Manifestations Among Children

Efficacy of Zingiber officinale ethanol extract on the viability, embryogenesis and infectivity of Toxocara canis eggs

A Step Forward Towards Food Safety from Parasite Infective Agents

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