Efficacy of Zingiber officinale ethanol extract on the viability, embryogenesis and infectivity of Toxocara canis eggs

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of e (e) ethanol extract on the viability, embryogenesis and infectivity () eggs. It was carried out both in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro experiment, unembryonated eggs were incubated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/mLe extract at 25 °C for 6, 12, and 24 h to assess the effect of e on their viability and for two weeks to assess the effect ofe on their embryogenesis. In vivo experiment was performed to assess the effect of e on infectivity of eggs. Treated embryonated eggs by extract at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL for 24 h were inoculated into mice and their livers were examined for the presence of larvae on the 7th day after infection and for histopathological evaluation at 14th day post-infection. e showed a significant ovicidal activity on eggs. The best effect was observed with 100 mg/mL concentration after 24 h with an efficacy of 98.2%. However, the treated eggs by 25, 50 mg/mL of extract after 24 h showed ovicidal activity by 59.22 and 82.5% respectively. Moreover, this extract effectively inhibited eggs embryogenesis by 99.64% and caused their degeneration at the concentration of 100 mg/mL after 2 weeks of treatment. However, the lower concentrations, 25 and 50 mg/mL inhibited embryogenesis by 51.19 and 78.57% respectively. The effect of e on the infectivity eggs was proven by the reduction of larvae recovery in the livers by 35.9, 62.8 and 89.5% in mice groups inoculated by treated eggs at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL respectively. Histopathologically, the liver tissues of mice infected with treated eggs at the concentration of 100 mg/mL appeared healthy with slight degenerative changes of hepatocytes, opposite to that recorded in the infected mice with treated eggs by the lower concentrations. In conclusion; extract possessed dose-dependent anti- activity on the viability, embryogenesis and infectivity of eggs.

Effects of some disinfectants on Toxocara spp.eggs viability of dogs and cats

“…El-Sayed observed that Zingiber officinale ethanol extract, with 100 mg/mL concentration has ovicidal activity on T. canis eggs with an efficiency of 98.2% after Mean [1] ± SD [2] Mean ± SD Mean ± SD Mean ± SD 24 hours. The efficacy was 59.22% and 82.5%, respectively, after 24 h, in case of 25, 50 mg/mL concentrations usage [20].…”

Ocular toxocariasis: a neglected parasitic disease in Egypt

“…Usage of glucan with benzimidazoles gave better therapeutic effect in experimental animals (Othman 2012). Nowadays, natural products and medicinal plants are under assessment for the treatment of toxocariasis (Musa et al 2011;El-Sayed 2017). The value of such medicinal plants is related to their therapeutic effect and their use as template molecules for the production of novel drugs.…”

Comparison of In Vitro Efficacy of Six Disinfectants on the Hatching of Larval Eggs of Toxocara canis

“…The resistance of Toxocara eggs has been tested in studies controlled such as in soil and hair, determining their ability to develop in the hair of dogs, observing that the temperature and moisture factors is responsible for larvae development in eggs, allowing its viability ( 9 ). The disinfection of surfaces contaminated with eggs of T. canis is important because of the public health problem for humans and pets.…”