Toxocara canis extract fractions promote mainly the production of Th1 and regulatory cytokines by human leukocytes in vitro

Amor, Ana Lúcia Moreno; Santos, Leonardo Nascimento; Silva, Eduardo Santos; Santana, Marina Borges Rabelo de; Belitardo, Emília Maria Medeiros de Andrade; Sena, Flávia de Araújo; de-Carvalho, Lain Pontes; Figueiredo, Camila A.; Alcântara-Neves, Neuza Maria

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106579

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Notably, these fractions do not appear to stimulate the production of Th2 cytokines, such as IL-5 and IL-13, which are typically associated with allergic and Th2-mediated immune responses, nor do they induce the production of IL-17 cytokines. Further investigation is warranted to scrutinize these specific fractions in depth, with the aim of identifying potential candidate molecules suitable for the development of immunotherapeutic vaccines designed to mitigate the impact of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases [107].…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Let the Dogs Out? Unmasking the Neglected: A Semi-Systematic Review on the Enduring Impact of Toxocariasis, a Prevalent Zoonotic Infection

Henke,

Ntovas,

Xourgia

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Toxocariasis remains an important neglected parasitic infection representing one of the most common zoonotic infections caused by the parasite Toxocara canis or, less frequently, by Toxocara cati. The epidemiology of the disease is complex due to its transmission route by accidental ingestion of embryonated Toxocara eggs or larvae from tissues from domestic or wild paratenic hosts. Even though the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control classified toxocariasis amongst the top six parasitic infections of priority to public health, global epidemiological data regarding the relationship between seropositivity and toxocariasis is limited. Although the vast majority of the infected individuals remain asymptomatic or experience a mild disease, the infection is associated with important health and socioeconomic consequences, particularly in underprivileged, tropical, and subtropical areas. Toxocariasis is a disease with multiple clinical presentations, which are classified into five distinct forms: the classical visceral larva migrans, ocular toxocariasis, common toxocariasis, covert toxocariasis, and cerebral toxocariasis or neurotoxocariasis. Anthelmintic agents, for example, albendazole or mebendazole, are the recommended treatment, whereas a combination with topical or systemic corticosteroids for specific forms is suggested. Prevention strategies include educational programs, behavioral and hygienic changes, enhancement of the role of veterinarians, and anthelmintic regimens to control active infections.

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Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Let the Dogs Out? Unmasking the Neglected: A Semi-Systematic Review on the Enduring Impact of Toxocariasis, a Prevalent Zoonotic Infection

Henke,

Ntovas,

Xourgia

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from six non‐allergic and six allergic Brazilian donors to study the T‐cell priming capacity of BTH1 and BTH2. PBMCs were obtained by centrifugation of venous blood in the presence of HISTOPAQUE 1077® solution (Sigma Aldrich) and cultured as described 26,27 . Cytokine concentrations in the supernatant were measured using commercially available ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's instruction (Pharmingen, BD Biosciences).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For PBMC‐related results, given that the distribution was non‐parametric, the Wilcoxon test was applied to verify statistical differences between stimulated‐ and non‐stimulated PBMCs 26 . To compare the cytokine production of the two groups (allergic and non‐allergic) for each stimulus, Mann‐Whitney's test was used for the analyses 27 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PBMCs were obtained by centrifugation of venous blood in the presence of HISTOPAQUE 1077® solution (Sigma Aldrich) and cultured as described. 26,27 Cytokine concentrations in the supernatant were measured using commercially available ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's instruction (Pharmingen, BD Biosciences).…”

Section: Culture Of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (Pbmcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 To compare the cytokine production of the two groups (allergic and non-allergic) for each stimulus, Mann-Whitney's test was used for the analyses. 27 The one-way ANOVA test with the post-test of Dunnet was used to verify differences amongst the three mouse groups. All results in this study were considered statistically significant when p ≤ .05.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Bth2 Treatment Capacity In Mice Sensitized Wit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The hybrid protein BTH2 suppresses allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of HDM‐specific immunotherapy

Silva

Santana

Silveira

et al. 2023

Clin Experimental Allergy

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BackgroundAllergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease‐modifying treatment approach to change disease‐causing allergens. Hypoallergenic derivatives show promise as potential therapeutics, amongst which BTH2 was designed to induce tolerance against Blomia tropicalis allergy. Our aim was to investigate the hypoallergenicity and immunoregulatory activity of BTH2 in vitro and its therapeutic potential in a mouse model of AIT.MethodsRecombinant Blo t 5 and Blo t 21 allergens and their hybrid derivatives (BTH1 and BTH2) were expressed and purified. IgE binding capacity was tested by ELISA using sera from Brazilian, Colombian, and Ecuadorian subjects. Secretion of cytokines in supernatants from human cell cultures was measured following stimulation with the four recombinants and controls. The capacity of BTH2 to ameliorate allergic airway inflammation induced by B. tropicalis extract was evaluated in a murine model of AIT.ResultsrBlo t 5 and rBlo t 21 were identified as major allergens in Latin American patients, and BTH2 had the lowest IgE binding. In vitro stimulation of human cells induced greater levels of IL‐10 and IFN‐γ and reduced the secretion of Th2 cytokines. BTH2 ameliorated allergic airway inflammation in B. tropicalis‐challenged A/J mice, as evidenced by the histopathological and humoral biomarkers: decreased Th2 cytokines and cellular infiltration (especially eosinophils), lower activity of eosinophil peroxidase, an increase in IgG blocking antibodies and strong reduction of mucus production by goblet cells.ConclusionsOur study shows that BTH2 represents a promising candidate for the treatment of B. tropicalis allergy with hypoallergenic, immune regulatory and therapeutic properties. Further pre‐clinical studies are required in murine models of chronic asthma to further address the efficacy and safety of BTH2 as a vaccine against B. tropicalis‐induced allergy.

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The potential roles of interleukin-25 in infectious diseases

Zhang

Tao

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Interleukin-25 (IL-25), also known as IL-17E, is a recently identified cytokine of the IL-17 family. Numerous studies illustrated that the expression of IL-25 is regulated by multiple pathogens, including parasitic, viral, and bacterial infections. IL-25 has a dual function in infectious diseases. On the one hand, IL-25 activates type 2 immunity via the relevant cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which are associated with the development of pathogenic infection-related allergic diseases. On the other hand, IL-25 involves in the recruitment of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) to enhanced T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation, which are important to the clearance of pathogens. However, the precise roles of IL-25 in infectious diseases remain largely unknown. Thus, the current review will shed light on the pivotal roles of IL-25 in infectious diseases.

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Toxocara canis extract fractions promote mainly the production of Th1 and regulatory cytokines by human leukocytes in vitro

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Who Let the Dogs Out? Unmasking the Neglected: A Semi-Systematic Review on the Enduring Impact of Toxocariasis, a Prevalent Zoonotic Infection

Who Let the Dogs Out? Unmasking the Neglected: A Semi-Systematic Review on the Enduring Impact of Toxocariasis, a Prevalent Zoonotic Infection

The hybrid protein BTH2 suppresses allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of HDM‐specific immunotherapy

The potential roles of interleukin-25 in infectious diseases

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