Toxicology of glucosinolates, related compounds (nitriles, R-goitrin, isothiocyanates) and vitamin U found in cruciferae

Nishie, K.; Daxenbichler, M. E.

doi:10.1016/0015-6264(80)90070-x

Cited by 123 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The former prevent the iodination of tyrosine, as does goitrin, whereas the latter are known competitively to inhibit iodine uptake by thyroid cells (Langer & Greer, 1968;Muztar et al 1979). Sinigrin and glucoiberin isothiocyanate derivatives were also shown to induce embryo death in the rat but the mechanism is still unknown (Nishie & Daxenbichler, 1980). Preferential target organs of the nitrile derivatives seem to be the liver and kidneys (VanEtten et af.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Glucosinolates a N D Glucosinolate Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Daxenbichler et al (1980), reported by de Vos & Blijleven (1988), the main GSL derivatives identified in sauerkraut after a 2 week fermentation were the thiocyanate anion and 1 -cyano-3-methylsulphinylpropane (a nitrile from glucoiberin). However McDanell et al (1987) found that fermentation (18 h, 25 "C) of white or Savoy cabbage was less detrimental to intact GSL than cooking; as far as GSL derivatives were concerned, the content of IAN was seldom modified by fermentation whereas there was an important decrease of ascorbigen compared with the fresh material.…”

Section: F R O M T H E P L a N T T O T H E Diet: I N F L U E N C E O mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glucosinolates and Glucosinolate Derivatives: Implications for Protection Against Chemical Carcinogenesis

Nugon-Baudon¹,

Rabot²

1994

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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* Corresponding author. Cruciferae Brassica oleracea L. gongylodes group capitata group sabauda group gemmifera group italica group botrytis group var. caulifora DC. var. cymosa Lam. var. millecapitata (Lev) Thell. var. medullosa Thell. var. selensia var. sabellica acephala group Brassica alboglabra Bailey Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr. Brassica chinensis L. Brassica campestris L. ssp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk. ssp. oleijera (Metzg.) Sinsk. var. napobrassica (L.) Peterm var. napus Brassica napus L. or ssp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.

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Section: Toxicity Of Glucosinolates a N D Glucosinolate Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F R O M T H E P L a N T T O T H E Diet: I N F L U E N C E O mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucosinolates and Glucosinolate Derivatives: Implications for Protection Against Chemical Carcinogenesis

Nugon-Baudon¹,

Rabot²

1994

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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“…The mitogenic effects ofgoitrin (which is goitrogenic) and various organic cyanides from cabbage suggest that they may be potential carcinogens (41,42). Aromatic cyanides related to those from cabbage have been shown to be mutagens and are metabolized to hydrogen cyanide and potentially mutagenic aldehydes (43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary pesticides (99.99% all natural).

Ames

Profet

Gold

1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

352

156

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The toxicological significance of exposures to synthetic chemicals is examined in the context of exposures to naturally occurring chemicals. We calculate that 99.99% (by weight) of the pesticides in the American diet are chemicals that plants produce to defend themselves. Only 52 natural pesticides have been tested in high-dose animal cancer tests, and about half (27) are rodent carcinogens; these 27 are shown to be present in many common foods. We conclude that natural and synthetic chemicals are equally likely to be positive in animal cancer tests. We also conclude that at the low doses of most human exposures the comparative hazards of synthetic pesticide residues are insignificant.

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“…While it might be presumed that ''dioxin-like'' toxicities are not induced by NAHRAs, some of the data for I3C, at least, indicates that this may not be the case. At high doses, I3C induces a spectrum of toxicological effects in animals (Nishie and Daxenbichler, 1980;NCI, 1996;Wilker et al, 1996;Leibelt et al, 2003;Crowell et al, 2005) some of which resemble TCDD-induced effects (e.g., hepatotoxicity, thymic atrophy, male reproductive toxicity, and tumor promotion). At high dietary levels, I3C has also shown activity as a tumor promoter (Stoner et al, 2002;William et al, 2003) Pohjanvirta et al (2002 found that the in vivo toxicity of ICZ in comparison to TCDD fall short of that that might be predicted by its in vitro potency; achieving the necessary dose levels at the target tissues may be a barrier for some NAHRAs, due to their relatively rapid metabolism.…”

Section: Baselinementioning

confidence: 99%

AH receptor agonist activity in human blood measured with a cell-based bioassay: Evidence for naturally occurring AH receptor ligands in vivo

Connor¹,

Harris²,

Edwards

et al. 2007

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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In the present study, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-driven reporter gene bioassay was used to measure the activity, measured as an induction equivalent (IEQ) as compared to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), or IEQ concentration in human blood samples from 10 volunteers under different dietary regimens. Blood concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), as determined by analytical chemistry (HR-GC/MS), and expressed as toxic equivalents (TEQs) with the use of TCDD equivalency factors (TEFs), were within a range that has been reported in the general US population, ranging from 0.022 to 0.119 ppt (whole blood basis). However, the human blood IEQ measured directly via bioassay ranged from 13.4 to 218 ppt (whole blood basis). These order of magnitude greater IEQs compared to the TEQs for dioxins, furans, and certain PCBs suggests that human blood contains a relatively high level of AHR agonists able to activate the CYP1A1 dioxin response element (DRE)-linked reporter gene bioassay and that this AHR activity is not accounted for by PCDDs/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs based on standard HR-GC/MS and TEF analysis. When study participants switched from a ''baseline'' to a high-vegetable diet, increases in bioassay IEQ were observed that were statistically significant (Po0.05). In addition, IEQ activity was elevated above levels observed following dietary intervention in two subjects given indole-3-carbinol (I3C) supplements. We conclude that a substantial portion of the IEQ activity occurred as a result of the increased intake of natural AHR agonists (NAHRAs) present in many fruits, vegetables. and herbs. Our findings also suggest that dietary NAHRAs constitute a substantial daily dietary intake of AHR-active compounds, and these NAHRAs could influence AHR status in humans and play a role in a basal level of AHR activation.

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Toxicology of glucosinolates, related compounds (nitriles, R-goitrin, isothiocyanates) and vitamin U found in cruciferae

Cited by 123 publications

References 30 publications

Glucosinolates and Glucosinolate Derivatives: Implications for Protection Against Chemical Carcinogenesis

Glucosinolates and Glucosinolate Derivatives: Implications for Protection Against Chemical Carcinogenesis

Dietary pesticides (99.99% all natural).

AH receptor agonist activity in human blood measured with a cell-based bioassay: Evidence for naturally occurring AH receptor ligands in vivo

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