Toxicological Studies of Organophosphate and Pyrethroid Insecticides for Controlling the Fruit Fly <I>Dacus ciliatus</I> (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Performance of corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on selected maize hybrids under laboratory conditions

“…As is known, pesticide applications have several harmful influences, such as environmental and agroecosystems pollution, being detrimental to human health, as well as financial issues. Moreover, in recent decades, the resistance of different pest species against chemical compounds has considerably increased in the world (e.g., Maklakov et al, 2001;Nauen and Denholm, 2005;Bielza, 2008;Saleem et al, 2008). To suppress these destructive effects, some scientists are endeavoring to find alternative safe procedures for pest control in the fields, which do not have such negative impacts on the environment.…”

Comparative Efficacy of Insecticides on Bactrocera tryoni and Zeugodacus cucumis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Laboratory and Semifield Trials in Fruiting Vegetables

“…However, efficacy in laboratory trials was generally low and this insecticide was ineffective against Z. cucumis. Maklakov et al (2001) found that fresh bifenthrin residues prevented oviposition by D. ciliatus in cucumbers, suggesting that cypermethrin and bifenthrin had a repellent effect on fruit flies. Repellency of pyrethroids has been documented in a variety of insects, including mosquitoes, houseflies, honey bees, Lepidoptera, and mites (Virgona et al 1983, Rieth and Levin 1988, Hirano 1989, Siegert et al 2009.…”

“…Reynolds et al (2014) found that efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin against B. tryoni was comparable to fenthion in semifield tests. Various isomers of cypermethrin have demonstrated efficacy against tephritids, for example, cypermethrin reduced infestation and increased yield in a trial to manage Bactrocera spp in cucumber (Sharma et al 2016); residues of zeta-cypermethrin on cherries effectively reduced oviposition by R. indifferens (Yee and Alston 2012); fresh cypermethrin residues on cucumber prevented oviposition by Dacus ciliatus Loew, the lesser pumpkin fly (Maklakov et al 2001). Efficacy of the second synthetic pyrethroid assessed, bifenthrin (Talstar 250 EC Insecticide/Miticide) was also comparable with dimethoate in a field cage trial against B. tryoni.…”

“…A number of studies have examined the toxicity of pesticides to tephritid fruit flies in the laboratory using a range of methods such as direct application to adult flies (Wang et al 2013), exposure to residues on artificial substrates (Mosleh et al 2011), exposure to residues on fruit applied and aged in the laboratory (Maklakov et al 2001, Yee 2008, Yee and Alston 2012 or the field (Yee et al 2007, Rahman andBroughton 2016), or application of insecticide sprays to infested fruit (Wise et al 2009). Small plot field trials have been employed to assess efficacy of insecticides for management of cucurbit-specific fruit flies such as Z. cucurbitae in cucurbits (Oke 2008, Khursheed and Raj 2012, Oke and Sinon 2013, and field trials conducted in tree crops for management of Rhagoletis spp.…”

Μοριακή ανάλυση γονιδιακών τόπων που εμπλέκονται στο μηχανισμό ανάπτυξης της ανθεκτικότητας στα εντομοκτόνα του σημαντικότερου παράσιτου της ελιάς του εντόμου Bactrocera oleae

“…Malathion is the usual choice of insecticide, frequently combined with protein hydrolysate to form a bait spray (Roessler 1989). Maklakov et al (2001) studied the sensi tivity of pumpkin fly to OPs and found high resistance in field populations to malathion. Albeit still unclear, they suggest an altered AChE as the most likely mechanism of resistance.…”