Toxicological effects of disinfections using sodium hypochlorite on aquatic organisms and its contribution to AOX formation in hospital wastewater

Emmanuel, Évens; Keck, Gérard; Blanchard, Jean‐Marie; Vermande, P.; Perrodin, Yves

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.004

Cited by 254 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

136

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nowadays, only a few papers investigating the influence of experimental parameters on RCl formation can be found in the literature. 18,19,[23][24][25] The large use of dyes by textile, paper, and plastic manufacture, among other industries, has raised significant environmental concern, mainly because these chemicals have adverse effects that are responsible for a lot of environmental damage when they are accumulated in the environment. Even at very low concentrations, dyes can result in wastewater with very strong coloration, thereby reducing the occurrence of photosynthetic processes, which directly affects all the aquatic system when these pollutants are discharged into rivers and ponds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical degradation of reactive dyes at different DSA® compositions

Silva¹,

Neto²,

Andrade³

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Este trabalho investiga a oxidação eletroquímica dos corantes azul reativo 4 (RB-4) e laranja reativo 16 (RO-16) utilizando ânodos dimensionalmente estáveis de RuO 2 . As eletrólises foram realizadas sob controle galvanostático em função do eletrólito de suporte e composição do material eletródico. As eletrólises feitas na presença ou ausência de NaCl foram capazes de remover totalmente a coloração da solução; no entanto, um aumento significativo da combustão do corante somente foi obtido para na presença de cloreto (valores de 80% de remoção de carbono foram atingido). Concentrações elevadas de cloreto não implicaram em aumento significativo de remoção da cor ou mineralização. A composição do óxido influência na destruição do corante (com ou sem cloreto), observa-se que Ti/Ru 0.30 Ti 0.70 O 2 é o material mais ativo para oxidação dos compostos investigados. A reação de desprendimento de oxigênio é uma reação paralela limitante em ambos os eletrólitos de suporte investigados, NaCl e Na 2 SO 4 , e a competição com a oxidação do composto orgânico ainda é um obstáculo. A análise da formação de compostos organoclorados (AOX) revela que existe um pequeno consumo das espécies formadas nos primeiros minutos de eletrólise, a composição Ti/(RuO 2 ) 0.70 (Ta 2 O 5 ) 0.30 é a composição com melhores características para emprego no tratamento ambientais. Tanto a composição como o eletrólito afetam a formação de compostos indesejáveis. This paper investigates the electrochemical oxidation of the reactive dyes reactive blue 4 (RB-4) and reactive orange 16 (RO-16) on RuO 2 dimensionally stable anode (DSA ® ) electrodes. Electrolysis was achieved under galvanostatic control as a function of supporting electrolyte and electrode composition. The electrolyses, performed in either the presence or absence of NaCl, were able to promote efficient color removal; moreover, at low chloride concentration (0.01 mol L -1 ), total color removal was obtained after just 10 min of electrolysis, and a significant increase in total dye combustion was achieved for all the studied anodes in chloride medium (reaching ca. . No significant enhancement in dye color removal or mineralization was observed upon increasing chloride concentration. The influence of oxide composition on dye elimination seems to be significant in both media (with or without chloride), being Ti/Ru 0.30 Ti 0.70 O 2 , the most active material for organic compound oxidation. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was shown to be a limiting reaction in both supporting electrolytes; i.e., NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 , and its competition with organic compound oxidation remained an obstacle. The adsorbable organo halogens (AOX) formation study revealed that there is slight consumption of the undesirable species formed within the first minutes of the electrolysis, being Ti/(RuO 2 ) 0.70 (Ta 2 O 5 ) 0.30 the most environmentally friendly composition. Both anode composition and chloride concentration affect the formation of these undesirable compounds.Keywords: reactive dyes, electrochemical oxidat...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical degradation of reactive dyes at different DSA® compositions

Silva¹,

Neto²,

Andrade³

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This suggested that mostly the laboratories accounted for the amount of chemically oxidizable organic matter in the hospital wastewater.TSS value varied between 98 -162 mg/L ranges in the hospital laboratory wastewater ( Table 2). Other studies reported higher values for TSS in hospital wastewater: 155 -298 mg/L [13], 539 mg/L [7], and 72-243 mg/L [23]. The present study on laboratory clinical wastewater found that Cl and phosphate amounts in the wastewater were in the range of 129 -156 mmol/L, and 15 -30 mg/L respectively.…”

Section: Physiochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…These pathogen organisms may pose important risk to human health. These organisms were also reported in studies on hospital wastewater [13] [22] [29]. E. coli levels varied between 9 × 10 2 and 8 × 10 4 cfu/ml ranges in clinical laboratory wastewater samples.…”

Section: Microbiologic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contaminant Properties of Hospital Clinical Laboratory Wastewater: A Physiochemical and Microbiological Assessment

Akın¹

2016

JEP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hospital laboratory wastewater has been considered to significantly change the degree of contamination of especially the hospital wastewater. The present study investigated the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater and the pollution loads were assessed for pathogens, heavy metals, and organic materials. Composite samples were collected from clinical laboratory wastewater of a 350-bed hospital for a six-month period. Analyses for pH, TSS (Total Suspended Solid), BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), PO4-P, and Cl as well as heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Al, and Mn) were made in order to physiochemical properties of the samples. Bacterial isolation (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobaumanii, CNS-CoagulaseNegative Staphylococcus) and antigen-antibody analyses were conducted in order to find the microbiological pollution load of the wastewater. As a result of the study it was found that the hospital clinical laboratory wastewater was alkaline and COD/BOD ratio reached to a range of 10 -12 in the wastewater. It was concluded that although the heavy metal concentrations were within the sewage discharge limits the said levels could pose health risk. It was also found that the wastewater entailed health risk due to pathogens.

show abstract

“…Sodium hypochlorite is commonly used as a root canal irrigant to disinfect the canal prior to filling and placement of a cap (Bystrom and Sundqvist 1983). Though sodium hypochlorite is a widely used substance for disinfection, when it is added to water or waste water, the solution easily reacts with organic material, for example humic and fulvic acids in surface water, causing the generation of many volatile and nonvolatile disinfection by-products toxic for the aquatic environment (Emmanuel et al 2004) and with mutagenic and/or carcinogenic activity on human and aquatic organisms (Monarca et al 2000;Guzzella et al 2004;Crebelli et al 2005). These organic halogenated compounds include haloalkenes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, haloketones and haloaldehydes, bromoform, dichloroacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxyaldehyde, 3-acetyl-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of sodium hypochlorite on human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chlorination is widely used method in the disinfection of drinking and utility water worldwide. In this study, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of sodium hypochlorite were investigated by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration analysis on human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro. A significant increase in chromosomal aberration frequency was observed in all treatments of NaOCl (0.030, 0.065, 0.100, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 lg/mL) at 24 and 48 h compared with the negative control and mitomycin C (MMC, 0.3 lg/mL), which was used as a positive control. NaOCl significantly increased the frequency of micronuclei in a dose dependent manner. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between NaOCl concentration and chromosomal aberration, micronuclei frequency, necrotic cells, apoptotic cells and binucleated cells.

show abstract

Toxicological effects of disinfections using sodium hypochlorite on aquatic organisms and its contribution to AOX formation in hospital wastewater

Cited by 254 publications

References 19 publications

Electrochemical degradation of reactive dyes at different DSA® compositions

Electrochemical degradation of reactive dyes at different DSA® compositions

Contaminant Properties of Hospital Clinical Laboratory Wastewater: A Physiochemical and Microbiological Assessment

Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of sodium hypochlorite on human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About