Toxicological and neurobehavioral effects of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin insecticides in mice

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin in mice separately and to study their toxic and neurobehavioral effects. Median Lethal Doses (LD50) of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin were determined depending on up and down method. The oral LD50 of chlorpyrifos was 193.05 mg/kg and of deltamethrin was 15.71 mg/kg in mice. The oral administration of chlorpyrifos 155 mg/kg and deltamethrin 12.56 mg/kg represent 80% of LD50 resulted in acute signs of poisoning that manifested by dyspnea, salivation and lacrimation at 100%, piloerection, straub tail, tremors, convulsions and death at 70% for chlorpyrifos and 60% for deltamethrin and writhing reflex at 20% for chlorpyrifos. Oral administration of chlorpyrifos 310 mg/kg and deltamethrin 24 mg/kg increased severity of toxicosis signs as a percentage of piloerection, straub tail, tremors, seizures and death 100%. As well as decrease the onset of tremors, convulsions and death, writhing reflex which appears at 20% for chlorpyrifos and 10% for deltamethrin. After three hours of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin oral administration at doses represent 20% and 10% of LD50 there are significantly hypoactivation in open-field activity, significantly increased in the duration of negative geotaxis performance, significantly decreased in head pocking and swimming scores compared to control group. In conclusion we found that deltamethrin was more toxic than chlorpyrifos this is based on the LD50 value. However, the signs of toxicosis and neurobehavioral effects produced by both toxicants were not differential and could not be associated with the toxic level.

Synergizing the deltamethrin larvicidal activity against Aedes albopictus larvae using cinnamaldehyde in Diwaniyah, Iraq

“…Interestingly, the current work results identified that cinnamaldehyde improved the activity of deltamethrin against the larvae employed for this work. Cinnamomum osmophloeum leaf essential oil was found to act as a larvicide against Anopheles gambiae s.s larvae (17,25), and these co-workers predicted that this activity might have been due to cinnamaldehyde (26). The current work used cinnamaldehyde with deltamethrin to synergize the activity of each other resulting in high rates of mortalities in these larvae.…”

Effect of aqueous rosemary extract on some sexual hormones in male rats with high thyroxine level

“…Twenty-four male albino rats 170-200 gram weight were housed in the animal house under the steady status of temperature 24±2°C for three weeks prior to the beginning of the experiment, the animal house under laboratory conditions 12/12 hours light -dark cycle (20,21) and being preserved on a standard water and diet ad libitium (22,23). The animals were treated according to the specific guidelines of the veterinary medicine faculty and the study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the University of Kufa.…”

Ameliorative role of Arabic gum against nephrotoxicity induced by ciprofloxacin in rats

“…Medicine, University of Tikrit. Rats underwent to standard laboratory conditions (9), and free to access to food and water during the experimental period of 14 days. Rats distributed into four groups: Control group administrated with distilled water 1 ml/kg orally using tubular gavage, second group administrated with Ciprofloxacin 750 mg/kg orally, and third group administrated with a solution of Arabic gum solution 15% orally and fourth group administrated with both Ciprofloxacin 750 mg/kg and Arabic gum solution 15%.…”

“…blood centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain the serum. Serum kept in a deep freeze -80ºC until biochemical tests performed (9,10).…”