Toxicity tests, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity of chitosan

Kurniasih, Mardiyah; Purwati, Purwati; Dewi, Rosita

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/349/1/012037

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The chitosan addition to the HPMC-lignin combination improved the activity since chitosan is known as an antibacterial compound against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It gains its activity due to the presence of the amino group and the OH functionality in its structure [55,56].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin and Lignin-Derived Cellulose and Chitosan Composites against Selected Pathogenic and Spoilage Microorganisms

et al. 2019

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The antiradical and antimicrobial activity of lignin and lignin-based films are both of great interest for applications such as food packaging additives. The polyphenolic structure of lignin in addition to the presence of O-containing functional groups is potentially responsible for these activities. This study used DPPH assays to discuss the antiradical activity of HPMC/lignin and HPMC/lignin/chitosan films. The scavenging activity (SA) of both binary (HPMC/lignin) and ternary (HPMC/lignin/chitosan) systems was affected by the percentage of the added lignin: the 5% addition showed the highest activity and the 30% addition had the lowest. Both scavenging activity and antimicrobial activity are dependent on the biomass source showing the following trend: organosolv of softwood > kraft of softwood > organosolv of grass. Testing the antimicrobial activities of lignins and lignin-containing films showed high antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at 35 °C and at low temperatures (0–7 °C). Purification of kraft lignin has a negative effect on the antimicrobial activity while storage has positive effect. The lignin release in the produced films affected the activity positively and the chitosan addition enhances the activity even more for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Testing the films against spoilage bacteria that grow at low temperatures revealed the activity of the 30% addition on HPMC/L1 film against both B. thermosphacta and P. fluorescens while L5 was active only against B. thermosphacta. In HPMC/lignin/chitosan films, the 5% addition exhibited activity against both B. thermosphacta and P. fluorescens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin and Lignin-Derived Cellulose and Chitosan Composites against Selected Pathogenic and Spoilage Microorganisms

et al. 2019

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“…Molecular weight (kDA) was determined according to Kurniasih and Dewi (2018). Molecular weight (kDA) was calculated using Mark Houwink-Sakurada equation:…”

Section: Molecular Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction and optimization of chitosan from razor clam (Ensis arcuatus) shells by using response surface methodology (RSM)

Zamri¹,

Latiff²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2019

Food Res.

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Chitin can be found in animal source especially arthropods such as crustacean, mollusk and insect, as well as in plant source such as fungi. Chitosan is obtained from chitin after the acetyl group is removed from chitin structure through deacetylation step and has wide application in various fields (food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical). In this study, chitosan was extracted from razor clam shells, where the extraction conditions were optimized. Two- factors of randomized D-optimal design was used to determine the optimum condition for the extraction of chitosan from razor clam (Ensis arcuatus) by using response surface methodology (RSM). The chemical extraction was optimized using five levels with two factors which were the deacetylation time (2,4,6,8,10 hrs) and deacetylation temperature (50, 60, 70, 80 and 90ºC). A randomized design suggested by Design Expert software was implemented with four responses evaluated: yield (%); degree of deacetylation (%); molecular weight (kDA); and ash content (%). Time (h) and temperature (ºC) of the deacetylation significantly (p<0.05) affected the yield (%), degree of deacetylation (DDA) (%), molecular weight (Mw) (kDA) and ash content (%) of the chitosan extracted. The optimum conditions for the chitosan extraction were at the respective deacetylation time and temperature of 6h and 70ºC with actual values of yield (%), degree of deacetylation (%), molecular weight (kDA) and ash content (%) of 19.903±2.367, 50.113±0.902, 476.727±13.603, 8.517±2.094, respectively. The optimum condition for the chitosan extraction was experimentally verified and valid for further analysis.

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“…The sediment was washed again using distilled water and dried. The deposit obtained was now chitosan [7]. Chitosan was analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.…”

Section: Procedures Reaction Synthesizing Chitosanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optimum condition at room temperature was at 1% concentration of carboxymethyl chitosan, the ratio between the weight Carboxymethyl chitosan could be used as preservatives because it had antimicrobial characteristics that could inhibit microorganism growth with its two active groups: -NH 3 group dan -COOgroup. The -NH 3 polycationic groups would interact with negative charges on the microbes' surface causing cells' surface permeability to change, composing cells like protein, amino acid, and glucose to disappear which later would inhibit cells' metabolism growth and lead to the cells' death [7]. Carboxymethyl chitosan could have direct interaction with the cell membrane and could cause cells' protein leakage.…”

Section: Sausages' Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of free amino groups along the chitosan chains enables this macromolecule to dissolve in a dilute acid solvent because protonation of these groups takes place [5]. Chitosan shows high antimicrobial activity towards various microorganisms, including fungi and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [6], [7]. A cationic group in chitosan that binds sialic acid in the phospholipid which can inhibit microbe growth [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carboxymethyl Chitosan as A Homemade Sausage Preservative

Kurniasih

Purwati

Dewi

et al. 2019

J. Pure App. Chem. Res.

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Carboxymethyl chitosan has antimicrobial activity. The solubility of carboxymethyl chitosan makes it easy to apply as a food preservative. Sausage is a processed product of meat, and it is classified as perishable food. The purpose of this study was to synthesize carboxymethyl chitosan, investigate the microbiological quality and shelf-life of homemade sausage treated with carboxymethyl chitosan. Carboxymethyl chitosan was obtained through the process of carboxymethylation of alkaline chitosan with monochloroacetic acid. Chitosan in the study was synthesized from shrimp skin. Sausages treated with carboxymethyl chitosan then measured water content, ash content, TPC (Total Plate Count) and organoleptic values for four consecutive days. The results showed that carboxymethyl chitosan could extend the shelf life of sausages both stored at room temperature or cold temperatures.

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Toxicity tests, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity of chitosan

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin and Lignin-Derived Cellulose and Chitosan Composites against Selected Pathogenic and Spoilage Microorganisms

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin and Lignin-Derived Cellulose and Chitosan Composites against Selected Pathogenic and Spoilage Microorganisms

Extraction and optimization of chitosan from razor clam (Ensis arcuatus) shells by using response surface methodology (RSM)

Carboxymethyl Chitosan as A Homemade Sausage Preservative

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