Toxicity of silver nanoparticles—Nanoparticle or silver ion?

Beer, Christiane; Foldbjerg, Rasmus; Hayashi, Yuya; Sutherland, Duncan S.; Autrup, Herman

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.11.002

Cited by 681 publications

(437 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Moreover, as nanoparticles internalization and accumulation inside the cells depend primarily on the incubation time with nanoparticles as stated by Trono et al [26], the significant reduction of viability in cells exposed to AgNSs up to 10 minutes (63.3%) is likely due to possible action of silver nanoparticles and produced ions on the outer cellular membrane of RAW cells and not because of the possible AgNPs inside cells in this short term periods. This scenario supported by Beer et al [27] who returned the toxic effect of AgNPs to the released ion mainly than cellular internalization. In contrast, the nanogold did not induce any toxicity upto the first hour of incubation with RAW cells and only induced slight reduction of the cellular viability after long term exposure up to 24 and 48 h. Further research investigations are needed to monitor the real time uptake of macrophages to different nanoparticles and detect the time and site of localization of the …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

In Vitro Study for Comparing the Cytotoxicity of Silver and Gold Nanospheres on Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cell Line

Ali¹,

MS²

2016

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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Silver nanospheres (AgNSs) and gold nanospheres (AuNSs) made a huge commercial and scientific interests due to their antimicrobials potency, use in nanomedicine and drug delivery systems. Macrophages are the primary site for clearing waste substances from tissues and the intracellular infections produced by pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, studying the cytotoxic effects of nanomaterials on such promising model will open new era towards safe use of nanobased treatments of intracellular pathogens. In This study, the effect of three different concentrations (10, 20, 40 µg/ml) of AuNSs and AgNSs with an average diameter of 20 nm was studied on RAW264.7 murine macrophage viability for 3 hours using XTT assay. AuNSs were found nontoxic to macrophages at all tested concentration. However AgNSs showed acute decline in viability of RAW264.7 cells even at the lowest concentration (10 µg/ml). In another experiment, the effect of AuNSs and AgNSs was examined on short and long term manners by treating macrophages with single dose of 20 µg/ml for different time points (0, 10, 20, 30, 60 minutes, 24, and 48 hours). Results revealed that AgNSs induced acute cytotoxicity to macrophages till 48 hours, while gold nanospheres were safe to RAW264.7 cells at all-time points compared to untreated control. Thus the AuNSs might represent a safe drug delivery platform for combating the intracellular pathogens like M. tuberculosis without hurting their host cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

In Vitro Study for Comparing the Cytotoxicity of Silver and Gold Nanospheres on Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cell Line

Ali¹,

MS²

2016

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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“…Fabrega et al (2012) also observed its negative influence on the growth and reproduction of the amphipod Corophium volutator. The activity of dissolved ions from NPs is reported as one of the main reasons responsible for the toxic effects of NPs (Adams et al 2006;Beer et al 2012;Yang et al 2012). Our study revealed a general trend showing that the mortality of H. incongruens is associated with the concentration of Zn in the aqueous solution of both ZnO-containing sediments (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

The bioavailability and toxicity of ZnO and Ni nanoparticles and their bulk counterparts in different sediments

2016

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Purpose The intensive development of nanotechnology raises a question of the potential consequences of the presence of nanoparticles (NPs) in the different components of the environment, including sediments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of nanoparticles of ZnO and Ni and their bulk counterparts in bottom sediments (SD1, SD2) with different properties collected from the Vistula River in Poland. Materials and methods Sediment samples with NPs at a concentration of 100 mg kg −1 were incubated for 17 months in the dark or under a photoperiod of 12 h light/12 h dark. The Microtox ® (bacteria, Vibrio fischeri) and OSTRACODTOXKIT F ™ (ostracods, Heterocypris incongruens) tests were used to evaluate toxicity. In addition, the contents of Zn and Ni were determined in extracts (H 2 O and CaCl 2 ) of the bottom sediments. Results and discussion The Zn concentration was much lower in the SD1 sediment with the addition of NPs/bulk particles (30-230 μg kg −1 ) compared to the SD2 sediment (280-1140 μg kg −1 ). The toxicity of ZnO and Ni was determined by the type of bottom sediment and the parameter studied.Both nano-and bulk-ZnO and Ni caused the mortality of H. incongruens at a level of 13.3-53.3 %. The influence of ZnO and Ni on the growth of H. incongruens was observed to be the opposite. ZnO resulted in growth stimulation, while Ni resulted in growth inhibition of H. incongruens. Both ZnO and Ni stimulated V. fisheri luminescence. In most cases, the incubation of ZnO and Ni under the photoperiod increased the toxicity or decreased the stimulation of V. fisheri bioluminescence and H. ingongruens growth compared to the darkincubated sediments. Conclusions The study provides new and important information on the ecotoxicological effects of ZnO and Ni nanoparticles in different sediments and under various environmental conditions that may be useful for the risk assessment of this new group of contaminants.

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“…Human exposure to Ag is growing as the availability of Ag NPs containing products continuously expands. Recent studies have suggested that both Ag NPs and Ag ions can induce cytotoxicity through different mechanism [2][3][4]. Additionally, numerous studies have suggested that Ag NPs are prone to oxidation and can release Ag ions to the surrounding environment, and that reverse formation to NPs from Ag ions is also a possibility [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary electrophoresis coupled with inductively coupled mass spectrometry as an alternative to cloud point extraction based methods for rapid quantification of silver ions and surface coated silver nanoparticles

Mudalige

Linder

2016

Journal of Chromatography A

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Speciation and accurate quantification of ionic silver and metallic silver nanoparticles are critical to investigate silver toxicity and to determine the shelf-life of products that contain nano silver under various storage conditions. We developed a rapid method for quantification of silver ions and silver nanoparticles using capillary electrophoresis (CE) interfaced with inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The addition of 2-mercaptopropionylglycine (tiopronin) to the background electrolyte was used to facilitate the chromatographic separation of ionic silver and maintain the oxidation state of silver. The obtained limits of detection were 0.05 μg kg −1 of silver nanoparticles and 0.03 μg kg −1 of ionic silver. Nanoparticles of varied sizes (10-110 nm) with different surface coating, including citrate acid, lipoic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were successfully analyzed. Particularly good recoveries (>93%) were obtained for both ionic silver and silver nanoparticle in the presence of excess amount of BSA. The method was further tested with six commercially available dietary supplements which varied in concentration and matrix components. The summed values of silver ions and silver nanoparticles correlated well with the total silver concentration determined by ICPMS after acid digestion. This method can serve as an alternative to cloud point extraction technique when the extraction efficiency for protein coated nanoparticles is low.

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Toxicity of silver nanoparticles—Nanoparticle or silver ion?

Cited by 681 publications

References 26 publications

In Vitro Study for Comparing the Cytotoxicity of Silver and Gold Nanospheres on Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cell Line

In Vitro Study for Comparing the Cytotoxicity of Silver and Gold Nanospheres on Raw 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cell Line

The bioavailability and toxicity of ZnO and Ni nanoparticles and their bulk counterparts in different sediments

Capillary electrophoresis coupled with inductively coupled mass spectrometry as an alternative to cloud point extraction based methods for rapid quantification of silver ions and surface coated silver nanoparticles

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