Toxicity of Selected Insecticides (Spinosad, Spinetoram, and Isoclast Active [Sulfoxaflor]) to Bed Bugs, 2005 and 2009

Hamm, Ronda L.; Tolley, M. P.; Chin-Heady, Eva; Foard, Timothy

doi:10.1093/amt/tsv199

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Results show that spinetoram is more toxic to R. indifferens than spinosad, as measured by fly kill using the protocol here, and that all age groups of flies are similarly affected. Spinetoram is also more toxic than spinosad against many insects (Dripps et al 2008a,b; Abdel-Latif and Abdu-Allah 2011; Hamm et al 2015; Siebert et al 2016; Andreazza et al 2017), but possibly not against all (Besard et al 2011, Athanassiou and Kavallieratos 2014, Bhatta et al 2016), including fruit flies (Schutze et al 2018). For nontarget insects, whether spinetoram is more toxic than spinosad appears to depend on the insect taxa (Lefkaditis et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spinosad Versus Spinetoram Effects on Kill and Oviposition of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) at Differing Fly Ages and Temperatures

Yee

2018

Journal of Insect Science

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Western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a major quarantine pest of cherries (Prunus spp.) in western North America that is often managed using the organic insecticide spinosad, but there is a question of whether its semisynthetic relative spinetoram is more toxic and better to use for controlling the fly. Here, spinosad and spinetoram effects on R. indifferens kill and oviposition were determined by exposing 3-4, 7-10, or 14-18 d old flies to dry spinosad and spinetoram (0.21 or 0.33 mg active ingredient [a.i.] per dish) and untreated cherries or to insecticide-treated cherries at 15.6, 22.5, and 29.4°C. Kill was not affected by fly age. Spinetoram killed more female flies by day 1 than spinosad at all temperatures. In both treatments, kill was lower at 15.6°C than 22.5 and 29.4°C, although a difference between 22.5 and 29.4°C was detected more often in spinosad treatments. Both insecticides killed 3-4 d old flies quickly enough to prevent oviposition, but neither prevented oviposition by 7-10 and 14-18 d old flies. Significantly, oviposition by flies exposed to spinosad and spinetoram did not differ at any temperature. Results indicate spinetoram is more toxic to R. indifferens than spinosad. However, this higher toxicity is not needed to prevent oviposition by younger flies. Furthermore, spinetoram residues are not sufficiently toxic to kill older flies quickly enough to reduce oviposition more than spinosad. Taken together, these conclusions imply that spinosad and spinetoram are equal for controlling R. indifferens infestations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Work comparing spinosad with spinetoram against a wide range of insect taxa has recently been published (e.g., Abdel-Latif and Abdu-Allah 2011, Besard et al 2011, Hamm et al 2015, Bhatta et al 2016, Siebert et al 2016, Andreazza et al 2017). However, little work in this area has been done for tephritid fruit flies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinosad Versus Spinetoram Effects on Kill and Oviposition of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) at Differing Fly Ages and Temperatures

Yee

2018

Journal of Insect Science

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“…Spinosad has low mammalian toxicity, with an oral median lethal dose of 3,738 mg/kg for male rats and greater than 5,000 mg/kg for female rats and mice [17]. Topically applied spinosad has been shown to be toxic to bed bugs [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Report Showing Spinosad and Fluralaner Are Able to Incapacitate Cimex lectularius L., the Common Bed Bug

Sheele¹

2020

Cureus

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Cimex lectularius L., the common bed bug, is a hematophagous human ectoparasite. The veterinary drugs, spinosad and fluralaner, were studied for their ability to incapacitate C. lectularius when administered in a blood meal using an artificial feeding system under laboratory conditions. Tested drug doses were based on the reported peak blood levels in animals given the drugs. Spinosad at doses 1,000 ng/mL or higher resulted in 75% or greater bed bug incapacitation (defined as death or immobility). Fluralaner at doses 500 ng/mL or higher had 100% bed bug incapacitation. Both drugs were significantly more effective than controls at these doses (P < 0.001).

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Effects of spinetoram on the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of zebrafish

Cheng

Zhang

Jia

et al. 2020

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Toxicity of Selected Insecticides (Spinosad, Spinetoram, and Isoclast Active [Sulfoxaflor]) to Bed Bugs, 2005 and 2009

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Spinosad Versus Spinetoram Effects on Kill and Oviposition of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) at Differing Fly Ages and Temperatures

Spinosad Versus Spinetoram Effects on Kill and Oviposition of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) at Differing Fly Ages and Temperatures

A Preliminary Report Showing Spinosad and Fluralaner Are Able to Incapacitate Cimex lectularius L., the Common Bed Bug

Effects of spinetoram on the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of zebrafish

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