Toxicity of <I>Fusarium solani</I> Strains on Brine Shrimp (<I>Artemia salina</I>)

Abstract

Discovery of anticancer drugs that must kill or disable tumor cells in the presence of normal cells without undue toxicity is an extraordinary challenge. Cytotoxicity of plant or fungal materials is considered as the presence of antitumor compounds. Brine shrimp lethality for larvae (nauplii) is used as prescreening test for the antitumor compounds. In this study, culture filtrates of eight strains of Fusarium solani isolated from seeds of various crops were tested for the toxic effect on brine shrimp. Five of the strains (TS, S-29, B-17, C-10, W-5) showed highest toxic effect and three of the strains (SR, T-9, L-25) showed low toxic activity on brine shrimp. Toxic activity reduced when culture filtrates were diluted. However, F. solani strains TS, B-17, SR, T-9 and L-25 caused more than 30% mortality at 1:10 dilution. Toxic activity was slightly reduced when the filtrates were neutralized with sodium hydroxide indicating possible role of pH of culture filtrate on toxicity. Lyophilized filtrates of these strains showed less activity as compared to un-lyophilized filtrates. n-Hexane soluble fraction was obtained only in three strains which showed mild toxicity whereas chloroform soluble fraction was obtained in negligible quantity and could not further be proceeded. Toxic effect of these strains showed variation from strain to strain. Compounds from F. solani could be exploited for the development of toxic compounds. Pakistan; 3. Agricultural Biotechnology and Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Pakistan; 4. California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3288 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA) 摘要：寻找能杀伤肿瘤细胞而对正常细胞无毒的抗癌药物极具挑战性。具有细胞毒性的植物或者真菌可能含 有抗肿瘤的化合物。卤虫无节幼体的致死性可作为筛选抗肿瘤化合物的试验。本研究运用从不同农作物种子分离 的 8 株镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）培养滤液来测试卤虫的细胞毒性效果。结果表明，5 株菌株（TS、S-29、B-

Growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in two types of women cancer cell lines using laser ablated silver nanoparticles in polyvinylpyrrolidone solution

“…Therefore, the following tests were used on the IC50 values of HeLa and SKOV-3 cells. The finding of anticancer drugs that kills or disables tumor cells without undue toxicity on other cells are an extraordinary challenge (33). Particle size and zeta potential are important properties which may influence the biological activity of nanoparticles and has been suggested as a key factor through the interaction with charged surfaces.…”