Toxicity of inorganic nanomaterials in biomedical imaging

Li, Jinxia; Chang, Xueling; Chen, Xiaoxia; Gu, Zhanjun; Zhao, Feng; Chai, Zhifang; Zhao, Yuliang

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.12.009

Cited by 93 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…One of the major reasons, why QDs are not implemented in clinical imaging and drug delivery applications on humans, is the concern about their toxic effects. The literature contains many reviews with a general overview about toxic effects of nanoparticles [466][467][468] as well as reviews focused on QD toxicity. [469][470][471][472][473] Because of the tremendous amount of related articles, we can only give an overview of the main reasons for toxic effects of QDs in vitro and in vivo as well as the related consequences.…”

Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors

2015

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Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have become important fluorescent probes for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging research. Their nanoparticle surfaces for versatile bioconjugation, their adaptable photophysical properties for multiplexed detection, and their superior stability for longer investigation times are the main advantages of QDs compared to other fluorescence imaging agents. Here, we review the recent literature dealing with the design and application of QD-bioconjugates for advanced in vitro and in vivo imaging. After a short summary of QD preparation and their most important properties, different QD-based imaging applications will be discussed from the technological and the biological point of view, ranging from super-resolution microscopy and single-particle tracking over in vitro cell and tissue imaging to in vivo investigations. A substantial part of the review will focus on multifunctional applications, in which the QD fluorescence is combined with drug or gene delivery towards theranostic approaches or with complementary technologies for multimodal imaging. We also briefly discuss QD toxicity issues and give a short outlook on future directions of QD-based bioimaging.

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Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors

2015

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“…1,2 Quantum dots (QDs) with unique optical properties are a class of novel nanomaterials and have been widely used in medical research. 3,4 QDs are nanocrystals (diameter ranges from 2-10 nm) consisting of elements belonging to group 2-6 or group 3-5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity assessment of repeated intravenous injections of arginine–glycine–aspartic acid peptide conjugated CdSeTe/ZnS quantum dots in mice

Wang

Yang

Tang

et al. 2014

IJN

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Background Nanotechnology-based near-infrared quantum dots (NIR QDs) have many excellent optical properties, such as high fluorescence intensity, good fluorescence stability, and strong tissue-penetrating ability. Integrin αvβ3 is highly and specifically expressed in tumor angiogenic vessel endothelial cells of almost all carcinomas. Recent studies have shown that NIR QDs linked to peptides containing the arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) sequence (NIR QDs-RGD) can specifically target integrin αvβ3 expressed in endothelial cells of tumor angiogenic vessels in vivo, and they offer great potential for early cancer diagnosis, in vivo tumor imaging, and tumor individualized therapy. However, the toxicity profile of NIR QDs-RGD has not been reported. This study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of NIR QDs-RGD when intravenously administered to mice singly and repeatedly at the dose required for successful tumor imaging in vivo. Materials and methods A NIR QDs-RGD probe was prepared by linking NIR QDs with the maximum emission wavelength of 800 nm (QD800) to the RGD peptide (QD800-RGD). QD800-RGD was intravenously injected to BALB/C mice once or twice (200 pmol equivalent of QD800 for each injection). Phosphate-buffered saline solution was used as control. Fourteen days postinjection, toxicity tests were performed, including complete blood count (white blood cell, red blood cell, hemoglobin, platelets, lymphocytes, and neutrophils) and serum biochemical analysis (total protein, albumin, albumin/globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and blood urea nitrogen). The coefficients of liver, spleen, kidney, and lung weight to body weight were measured, as well as their oxidation and antioxidation indicators, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde. The organs were also examined histopathologically. Results After one or two intravenous injections of QD800-RGD, as compared with control, no significant differences were observed in the complete blood count; biochemical indicators of blood serum, organ coefficient, and oxidation and antioxidation indicators; and no cell necrosis or inflammation were seen in the liver, spleen, kidney, or lung through histopathological examination. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that the single and repeated intravenous injection of QD800-RGD at a dose needed for successful tumor imaging in vivo is not toxic to mice. Our work lays a solid foundation for further biomedical applications of NIR QDs-RGD.

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“…47,49 Their specific physical parameters, including the size, surface charge, surface area to volume, morphology, might elicit the toxic responses in body. 48,50 On the other hands, Adsorption and 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 19 recognition are associated with their retention and clearance time, which are depended on the physicochemical properties of the particle. Injected particles with optimal clearance characteristics will minimize toxicity risk.…”

Section: Mechanism Analysis Of Nanotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-10 nm Monoclinic Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺ Nanoparticles as Dual-Modal Nanoprobes for Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging

Li¹,

Tian

Luo³

et al. 2014

Langmuir

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Monoclinic Gd2O3:Eu(3+) nanoparticles (NPs) possess favorable magnetic and optical properties for biomedical application. However, how to obtain small enough NPs still remains a challenge. Here we combined the standard solid-state reaction with the laser ablation in liquids (LAL) technique to fabricate sub-10 nm monoclinic Gd2O3:Eu(3+) NPs and explained their formation mechanism. The obtained Gd2O3:Eu(3+) NPs exhibit bright red fluorescence emission and can be successfully used as fluorescence probe for cells imaging. In vitro and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies show that the product can also serve as MRI good contrast agent. Then, we systematically investigated the nanotoxicity including cell viability, apoptosis in vitro, as well as the immunotoxicity and pharmacokinetics assays in vivo. This investigation provides a platform for the fabrication of ultrafine monoclinic Gd2O3:Eu(3+) NPs and evaluation of their efficiency and safety in preclinical application.

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Toxicity of inorganic nanomaterials in biomedical imaging

Cited by 93 publications

References 138 publications

Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors

Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors

Toxicity assessment of repeated intravenous injections of arginine–glycine–aspartic acid peptide conjugated CdSeTe/ZnS quantum dots in mice

Sub-10 nm Monoclinic Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺ Nanoparticles as Dual-Modal Nanoprobes for Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging

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Toxicity of inorganic nanomaterials in biomedical imaging

Cited by 93 publications

References 138 publications

Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors

Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors

Toxicity assessment of repeated intravenous injections of arginine&ndash;glycine&ndash;aspartic acid peptide conjugated CdSeTe/ZnS quantum dots in mice

Sub-10 nm Monoclinic Gd2O3:Eu3+ Nanoparticles as Dual-Modal Nanoprobes for Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging

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Toxicity assessment of repeated intravenous injections of arginine–glycine–aspartic acid peptide conjugated CdSeTe/ZnS quantum dots in mice

Sub-10 nm Monoclinic Gd₂O₃:Eu³⁺ Nanoparticles as Dual-Modal Nanoprobes for Magnetic Resonance and Fluorescence Imaging