Toxicity of chloroform extracts of <i>Derris indica</i> Bennet. against <i>Callosobruchus maculatus</i> (F.) adults

Abstract

Derris indica is belonging to family Fabaceae, inhabitants of India, Srilanka, Malaysia, North Australia and Polynesia, occurs in the tidal forests, river and canal banks, along the water edge in all districts in Bangladesh. It is a medicinal plant. The dried flowers are used in decoction to quench thirst in diabetes. Extracts of the leaves were active against Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus (Anon, 1969). The juice of the leaves is prescribed in flatulence dyspepsia, diarrhoea and cough. Preparation of plant materials for extraction:The fresh leaves, fruit shell, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark, and stem wood of D. indica were collected from Rajshahi University Campus.Leaves: After collection the leaves were spread out to dry without heaping the material together under the shade avoiding direct sunshine.Fruit shell: Fruits were picked and the shells were opened to remove the seeds for the collection of fruitshells and spread them out to dry under a shade Root bark: Root bark was collected by striping from the stem and cut into small pieces as thin as possible. After collection barks were dried thoroughly in a wellventilated room.Root wood: The root-wood was collected and cut into small pieces and dried.Seeds: Having peeling out the fruit shells the seeds were cut into small pieces and spread out under a shade to dryStem bark: Stem bark was collected by striping from the stem and cut into small thin pieces and dry thoroughly.Stem wood: The stem-wood was collected and cut into small thin pieces and dried as described above.After drying the plant materials were powdered in a grinder machine. Chemical extraction of the plant parts:The ground dried D. indica leaves, fruit shell, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark, and stem-wood were extracted with sufficient amount of chloroform (500g × 1500ml × 3 times) by the cool method after 72 hours of plunging.Extracts, thus obtained were filtered and concentrated to dry out while only as residue was left and kept in a refrigerator after labeling. Preparation of doses:A concentration for each of the extracts was selected as 2 g/2ml as the stock dose for surface film application to make other successive doses by serial dilution to give 0.708, 0.354, 0.177-, 0.088 and 0.044 mg/cm 2 for seed extract; 1.769, 0.885, 0.442, 0.221 and 0.110 mg/cm 2 for root bark, stem bark and stem wood extracts and 1.417, 0.708, 0.354, 0.177 and 0.088 mg/cm 2 for root wood extract. Application of doses:All extracts were diluted with the solvents and the actual amount of extracted material in a dose was recorded and applied by residual film method (Busvine, 1971). For each dose one ml of mixture was dropped on a petri dish (90 mm) in such a way that it made a uniform film over the petri dish. The petri dishes were air-dried leaving the extract on it. The actual extract present in one ml mixture was calculated and dividing the value by the area of the petri dish the dose per square centimeter was calculated. Ten C. maculatus adults (3-5 day old) were released in each petri dish with 3 repli...

Potency of Dioscorea sansibarensis (Dioscoreaceae) Leaf Eluates on Callosobruchus chinensis, Linnaeus 1758 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in the Protection of Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae)

“…In this study, chloroform eluates of the D. sansibarensis leaves showed mortality of the C. chinensis beetle, this was contrary to fidings of studies made by Mondal and Islam (2008) on C. maculatus. They recorded no mortality was observed in treatments by chloroform extract of Derris indica leaves; this difference might have been influenced by the phytochemical constituents presents in D. sansibarensis and absent in D. indica.…”

Screening of Derris indica Bennet. for cytotoxicity against Artemia salina and phytotoxicity on mustard seeds

“…The present results are more or less similar to those of Mondal and Islam (2008). However, the fruit shell and the leaf extracts did not offer any mortality of the test insect (Callosobruchus maculatus) and the intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order as seed > root wood > root bark >stem wood > stem bark.…”

“…The insecticidal activity of this plant against Callosobruchus maculatus has been determined (Mondal and Islam, 2008), and antibacterial and larvicidal potentials have also been worked out (Mondal et al, 2010). Germination characteristics of Maize seeds under different ageing treatment have been done by Siadat et al, (2012).…”

Repellent Activity Of <i>Derris Indica</i> Extracts Against <i>Tribolium Castaneum</i> (Herbst) Adults

“…Roots are used as fish-poison by the aborigines of Australia (Kirtikar and Basu 1935). Insecticidal activity of this plant against the pulse beetle Callosobruchus maculatus had been traced (Mondal and Islam 2008). Moreover, both antibacterial and larvicidal potentials of this plant had also been reported (Mondal et al 2010).…”