Toxicity of CeO2 nanoparticles – The effect of nanoparticle properties

Metal oxide nanoparticles with low toxicity

“…The attachment of some small particles to cell walls does not appear to be necessarily detrimental to cell survival since SnO 2 exhibits the highest IC 50 value. Similar observation was made previously for some CeO 2 samples [33]. It has been proposed that the attachment of nanoparticles to the cell walls is dependent on the aggregation tendency [13].…”

“…Since oxidative stress is commonly proposed as the cause of toxicity [9,19], we have examined ROS production in the algae culture medium since ROS production is medium dependent [33]. In f 2 -Si medium, all oxides except alumina are producing ROS, with the signal intensity following the trend TiO 2 > In 2 O 3 > SnO 2 .…”

Internalization and toxicological mechanisms of uncoated and PVP-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles in the freshwater algaChlamydomonas reinhardtii

“…Considerable efforts have been undertaken in order to understand the toxicological mechanisms of CeO 2 NPs 28,30 , which is a difficult task due to the existence of contradictory results 29,[31][32][33] . It has been found that CeO 2 NPs displays enzyme-mimicking activities 15,34,35 , protecting against oxidative stress-induced cellular damages, but also they have showed toxic effects to different organisms and cell lines [36][37][38] .…”

Nanoceria and Its Perspective in Cancer Treatment

“…bacteria, algae using three types of commercially available cerium oxide nanoparticles and found different behavior towards different organisms. Such as the samples show higher toxicity toward E. coli and lower toxicity towards S. costatum [53]. Another study demonstrated by Srinivas et al observed that pulmonary toxicity may occur in rats when CeO 2 nanoparticles, the size of 15 nm to 30 nm, are in nasal exposure for 4 hrs [54].…”