Toxic oxygen species and protective systems of the chloroplast

Salin, Marvin L.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb09182.x

Cited by 405 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The antioxidant activity of ascorbate is dependent upon its regeneration ability and DHAR catalyzes the re-reduction of dehydroascorbate to ascorbate by glutathione [51]. Enhanced DHAR activity, against oxidative stress, has also been reported [52,53]. In addition, Urano et al [51] observed that DHAR activity rapidly increased in rice during heat stress and suggested that DHAR was involved in protection against high temperature.…”

Section: Redox Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

A proteomic approach in analyzing heat‐responsive proteins in rice leaves

et al. 2007

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The present study investigated rice leaf proteome in response to heat stress. Rice seedlings were subjected to a temperature of 427C and samples were collected 12 and 24 h after treatment. Increased relative ion leakage and lipid peroxidation suggested that oxidative stress frequently was generated in rice leaves exposed to high temperature. 2-DE, coupled with MS, was used to investigate and identify heat-responsive proteins in rice leaves. In order to identify the low-abundant proteins in leaves, samples were prefractionated by 15% PEG. The PEG supernatant and the pellet fraction samples were separated by 2-DE, and visualized by silver or CBB staining. Approximately 1000 protein spots were reproducibly detected on each gel, wherein 73 protein spots were differentially expressed at least at one time point. Of these differentially expressed proteins, a total of 34 and 39 protein spots were found in the PEG supernatant and pellet fractions, respectively. Using MALDI-TOF MS, a total of 48 proteins were identified. These proteins were categorized into classes related to heat shock proteins, energy and metabolism, redox homeostasis, and regulatory proteins. The results of the present study show that a group of low molecular small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) were newly induced by heat stress. Among these sHSPs, a low molecular weight mitochondrial (Mt) sHSP was validated further by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, four differentially accumulated proteins that correspond to antioxidant enzymes were analyzed at the mRNA level, which confirmed the differential gene expression levels, and revealed that transcription levels were not completely concomitant with translation. The identification of some novel proteins in the heat stress response provides new insights that can lead to a better understanding of the molecular basis of heat-sensitivity in plants.

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Section: Redox Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

A proteomic approach in analyzing heat‐responsive proteins in rice leaves

et al. 2007

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“…H202 is the most stable of the ROls and can behave as both an oxidant and a reductant, although it has a low ability to react with most organic molecules if no metal catalysts are present (Salin, 1987). l h e electron transfer chain of the chloroplasts is the best-documented source of H, O, (Mehler, 1951 ;Asada, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic electron transport regulates the expression of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase genes in Arabidopsis during excess light stress.

et al. 1997

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Exposure of Arabidopsis plants that were maintained under low light (200 pmol of photons m-2 sec-I) to excess light (2000 pmol of photons m-2 sec-I) for 1 hr caused reversible photoinhibition of photosynthesis. Measurements of photosynthetic parameters and the use of electron transport inhibitors indicated that a nove1 signal transduction pathway was initiated at plastoquinone and regulated, at least in part, by the redox status of the plastoquinone pool. This signal, which preceded the photooxidative burst of hydrogen peroxide (H202) associated with photoinhibition of photosynthesis, resulted in a rapid increase (within 15 min) in mRNA levels of two cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase genes ( A f X 1 and APX2). Treatment of leaves with exogenous reduced glutathione abolished this signal, suggesting that glutathione or the redox status of the glutathione pool has a regulatory impact on this signaling pathway. During recovety from photooxidative stress, transcripts for cytosolic glutathione reductase (GOR2) increased, emphasizing the role of glutathione in this stress.

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“…13 Plants have evolved a variety of mechanisms to deal with the damaging effects of ROS in cellular compartments, which are generally handled through the production of various antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). SOD can catalyze superoxide radicals (O 2…”

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantioselective Oxidative Damage of Chiral Pesticide Dichlorprop to Maize

Huang

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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To investigate the enantioselective oxidative damage of the pesticide dichlorprop (DCPP) to maize, young seedlings were exposed to solutions of DCPP enantiomers and racemate at different concentrations. Early root development was more influenced by (R)-DCPP than racemic (rac)-and (S)-DCPP. Inhibition rates of seed germination, seedling biomass, and root and shoot elongation were all in the order of (R)-DCPP > (rac)-DCPP > (S)-DCPP treatments. The antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were significantly upregulated by exposure to lower concentrations of (R)-DCPP than (rac)-and (S)-DCPP. Direct determination of the formation of hydroxyl radical (•OH) with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy indicated that the •OH level in maize roots followed the order of (R)-DCPP > (rac)-DCPP > (S)-DCPP treatments. All of these results provide solicited evidence of the significant enantioselective phytotoxicity of DCPP to maize with a higher toxicity of (R)-DCPP than (S)-and (rac)-DCPP.

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Toxic oxygen species and protective systems of the chloroplast

Cited by 405 publications

References 66 publications

A proteomic approach in analyzing heat‐responsive proteins in rice leaves

A proteomic approach in analyzing heat‐responsive proteins in rice leaves

Photosynthetic electron transport regulates the expression of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase genes in Arabidopsis during excess light stress.

Enantioselective Oxidative Damage of Chiral Pesticide Dichlorprop to Maize

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