Toxic effects of the fungicide benomyl on cell membranes

Suwalsky, Mario; Benites, Maritza; Norris, Beryl; Sotomayor, Patricio

doi:10.1016/s0742-8413(99)00097-3

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Some toxic effects of benomyl on amphibians have also been reported. When neural cell membranes were exposed to benomyl concentrations of 10 lM or lower, the velocity of excitatory transmission in the sympathetic synapses was reduced (Suwalsky et al, 2000). We have previously evaluated embryotoxicity in X. laevis using benomyl, and the most severe toxic effect of this chemical was observed in the differentiation of neural tissues (Yoon et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic effects of carbendazim and n‐butyl isocyanate, metabolites of the fungicide benomyl, on early development in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

Yoon

Jin

Park

et al. 2008

Environmental Toxicology

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ABSTRACT:We investigated the toxic effects of carbendazim and n-butyl isocyanate (BIC), metabolites of the fungicide benomyl, on development in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. To test the toxic effects, frog embryo teratogenesis assays using Xenopus were performed. Embryos were exposed to various concentrations of carbendazim (0-7 lM) and BIC (0-0.2 lM). LC 100 for carbendazim and BIC were 7 and 0.2 lM, respectively, and the corresponding LC 50 , determined by probit analysis, were 5.606 and 0.135 lM. Exposure to carbendazim concentrations !3 lM and BIC concentrations !0.1 lM resulted in 10 different types of severe external malformation. Histological examinations revealed dysplasia of the brain, eyes, intestine, and somatic muscle, and swelling of the pronephric ducts. These phenomena were common in both test groups. The tissue-specific toxic effects were investigated with an animal cap assay. Neural tissues are normally induced at a high frequency by activin A, however, the induction of neural tissues was strongly inhibited by the addition of carbendazim. Conversely, the addition of BIC resulted in weak inhibition of neural tissues. Electron micrographs of animal cap explants revealed degeneration of cell junctions in the carbendazim-treated group, but not in the BIC-treated group. Numerous residual yolk platelets and mitochondrial degeneration were commonly observed in both test groups. The gene expression of cultivated animal cap explants was investigated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and revealed that expression of the neural-specific marker neural cell adhesion molecule was more strongly inhibited in the carbendazim-treated group than in the BIC-treated group. # 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 23: 131-144, 2008.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic effects of carbendazim and n‐butyl isocyanate, metabolites of the fungicide benomyl, on early development in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

Yoon

Jin

Park

et al. 2008

Environmental Toxicology

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“…The structure of this bilayer seems to be lacking despite efforts to reveal distortions in the lipid bilayer structure (Csiszár et al, 2001(Csiszár et al, , 2002(Csiszár et al, , 2003Tanfani et al, 1990;Levin, 1985;Suwalsky et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phase transition behavior of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) model membrane influenced by 2,4-dichlorophenol—an FT-Raman Spectroscopy Study

Csiszár¹,

Koglin²,

Meier³

et al. 2006

Chemistry and Physics of Lipids

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“…Only agents that have capable of penetration through mycelial membranes can give rise to fungicidal properties (Hąc‐Wydro, Połeć, & Broniatowski, 2019). Fungicides that disrupt cell membrane integrity exhibit improved ability to inhibit cell growth (Li & Breaker, 2012), whereas the changes of the membrane integrity induced by selection pressure decrease the affinity and permeability of fungicide towards cell membrane, thereby generating survival competition of pathogenic fungi (Suwalsky, Benites, Norris, & Sotomayor, 2000). Transglutaminase (EC 2.3.2.13), an important cellular enzyme that creates covalent cross‐links between proteins (Deweid, Avrutina, & Kolmar, 2018; Gundersen, Keillor, & Pelletier, 2014), has been described to impart stability and alter functional properties through the formation of protective supramolecular complexes in fungus (Ichinose, Bottenus, & Davie, 1990; Iranzo, Aguado, Pallotti, Cañizares, & Mormeneo, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of membrane integrity on survival competition of Botrytis cinerea upon QoI fungicide pyraclostrobin

Xiong

Fan

et al. 2020

Journal of Phytopathology

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Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of the grey mould disease, developed resistance to multiple fungicides. However, the role of cell membrane in survival competition of B. cinerea upon quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicide has not yet been elucidated. In this paper, the enhancement of cystamine, a transglutaminase inhibitor, on membrane integrity of B. cinerea was determined, and the effect of the enhancement on the sensitivity of B. cinerea to pyraclostrobin was investigated. The results showed that pyraclostrobin inhibited mycelial growth with EC50 as 1.122 and 3.042 μg/ml at 24 and 48 hr, respectively. In the treatment of 5 and 50 μg/ml pyraclostrobin, membrane integrity of B. cinerea was broken, causing high permeability, lipid peroxidation, flocculent and malformed surface with vague septum and abundant agglomerates inside and outside the mycelia. Cystamine even at 50 and 200 μg/ml had little inhibitory effect on mycelial growth. However, in presence of 50 or 200 μg/ml cystamine, the mycelia from pyraclostrobin treatment possessed a significantly reduced leakage, lower MDA content, and a revived fibrous and transparent surface. Meanwhile, SEM images showed that membrane integrity of the mycelia was significantly improved and the agglomerates were dramatically disappeared. Synergy assays further revealed that B. cinerea regained less sensitivity to pyraclostrobin inhibition. In conclusion, membrane integrity controls mycelia sensitivity and is required for survival competition of B. cinerea upon pyraclostrobin.

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Toxic effects of the fungicide benomyl on cell membranes

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Toxic effects of carbendazim and n‐butyl isocyanate, metabolites of the fungicide benomyl, on early development in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

Toxic effects of carbendazim and n‐butyl isocyanate, metabolites of the fungicide benomyl, on early development in the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

The phase transition behavior of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) model membrane influenced by 2,4-dichlorophenol—an FT-Raman Spectroscopy Study

Effect of membrane integrity on survival competition of Botrytis cinerea upon QoI fungicide pyraclostrobin

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