Toxic Effects of Aminophenols on Aquatic Life Using the Zebrafish Embryo Test and the Comet Assay

Sun, Liwei; Qu, Mengmeng; Li, Y. Q.; Wu, Yang; Chen, Y. G.; Kong, Zhiming; Liu, Z. T.

doi:10.1007/s00128-004-0474-1

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Time was enough for the development of DNA lesions, and the fraction of damaged cells and the intensity of genetic injury were related to the TNT concentration. DNA damage is a transient response; time-dependent variations were considered to result from a balance between damage and repair activities, maintaining DNA breaks within certain limits (Sun et al 2004;Qiao et al 2007). Our results obtained at the lower TNT concentrations (0.25-0.5 μg/cm 2 ) showed an increased DNA migration at 48 h, with a decrease close to initial levels after 72 h exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomocyte biomarkers in the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

Fuchs

Piola

González

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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Contamination by 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a global environmental problem at sites of former explosive production, handling, or storage, and could have deleterious consequences for human and ecological health. We investigated its sublethal effects to Eisenia fetida, using two nonspecific biomarkers. In coelomocytes of earthworms exposed 24, 48, or 72 h, we evaluated DNA damage (comet assay) and neutral red retention time (NRRT), using the filter paper contact test. Both percentage of damage (D%) and calculated damage index showed significant DNA damage at almost all concentrations, at all time points assayed. Along exposure time, two different patterns were observed. At the lower TNT concentrations (0.25-0.5 μg/cm2) an increased DNA migration at 48 h, with a decrease close to initial levels after 72 h exposure, was observed. This decrease could be attributed to activation of the DNA repair system. At higher concentrations (1.0-2.0 μg/cm2), the high DNA damage observed remained constant during the 72 h exposure, suggesting that the rate of DNA repair was not enough to compensate such damage. Analysis of NRRT results showed a significant interaction between time and treatment. After 48 h, a significant decrease was observed at 4.0 μg/cm2. After 72 h, NRRT presented a concentration-dependent decrease, significantly different with respect to control at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 μg/cm2. The two assayed methods, performed on the same sample, showed clear responses to sublethal TNT exposure in E. fetida, providing sensitive unspecific biomarkers of cell injury and DNA damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomocyte biomarkers in the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

Fuchs

Piola

González

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Anxiolytics continued to present RQs values lower than 1. Antibiotics, on the other hand, had the highest value observed for CIP in algae (100,258). As in WWI, antiepileptic continued to present the highest median RQs.…”

Section: Wastewater Effluentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…23,29,70,74,82,83,[85][86][87][88][89][90]31,[91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100]32,[101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110]35,[111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120]36,[121][122][123][124][125][126][...…”

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Selected Pharmaceuticals in Different Aquatic Compartments: Part II—Toxicity and Environmental Risk Assessment

et al. 2020

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Potential risks associated with releases of human pharmaceuticals into the environment have become an increasingly important issue in environmental health. This concern has been driven by the widespread detection of pharmaceuticals in all aquatic compartments. Therefore, 22 pharmaceuticals, 6 metabolites and transformation products, belonging to 7 therapeutic groups, were selected to perform a review on their toxicity and environmental risk assessment (ERA) in different aquatic compartments, important issues to tackle the water framework directive (WFD). The toxicity data collected reported, with the exception of anxiolytics, at least one toxicity value for concentrations below 1 µg L−1. The results obtained for the ERA revealed risk quotients (RQs) higher than 1 in all the aquatic bodies and for the three trophic levels, algae, invertebrates and fish, posing ecotoxicological pressure in all of these compartments. The therapeutic groups with higher RQs were hormones, antiepileptics, anti-inflammatories and antibiotics. Unsurprisingly, RQs values were highest in wastewaters, however, less contaminated water bodies such as groundwaters still presented maximum values up to 91,150 regarding 17α-ethinylestradiol in fish. Overall, these results present an important input for setting prioritizing measures and sustainable strategies, minimizing their impact in the aquatic environment.

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“…The comet assay [alkaline single‐cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)] is a widely used technique to detect DNA damage due to environmental stress and has been used for the analysis of biomarkers of environmental pollution (Amado et al,2006). Jarvis and Knowles (2003) determined the sensitivity of the alkaline comet assay for the detection of strand breaks in the DNA of zebrafish larvae and also used the comet assay to assess the toxic effects on zebrafish embryos (Sun et al,2004; Kosmehl et al,2008). Diekmann et al (2004b) studied the genotoxic effects in zebrafish exposed to 4‐nitroquinoline‐1‐oxide in a complete life‐cycle test by using the comet assay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA damage and effects on glutathione‐S‐transferase activity induced by atrazine exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Zhu

Dong

Xie

et al. 2011

Environmental Toxicology

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This study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of atrazine (2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-S-triazine) on the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and DNA damage in males and females of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were exposed to control and three treatments (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/L) of atrazine for 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days. The results indicated that, for males, the GST activity at lower atrazine concentrations (0.01 and 0.1 mg/L) was markedly higher than that of the controls throughout the duration of the experiment while there was a significant inhibition of the GST activity at 1 mg/L atrazine at days 5 and 20. For females, a significant increase was detected at 0.1 mg/L on the days 5 and 15 and at 0.01 mg/L on day 20. The DNA damage in zebrafish was evaluated using the comet assay; the olive tail moments obtained for hepatopancreas were enhanced after treatment with different concentrations of atrazine on days 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25. The DNA damage increased with increasing atrazine concentrations, indicating that genotoxicity of atrazine and significant differences was found compared to the controls. In conclusion, these findings provide further evidence of the effects of atrazine on aquatic ecosystems.

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Toxic Effects of Aminophenols on Aquatic Life Using the Zebrafish Embryo Test and the Comet Assay

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Coelomocyte biomarkers in the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

Coelomocyte biomarkers in the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

Selected Pharmaceuticals in Different Aquatic Compartments: Part II—Toxicity and Environmental Risk Assessment

DNA damage and effects on glutathione‐S‐transferase activity induced by atrazine exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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