Towards vertical spatial equity of urban facilities: An integration of spatial and aspatial accessibility

Accessibility-Based Equity of Public Facilities: a Case Study in Xiamen, China

“…On the contrary, Tsou et al (2005) argue that only focusing on one type of urban public facility and ignoring the relationship between public service facilities will weaken the substitution effect between public service facilities, and therefore failing to effectively measure the impact of the overall public service facilities on residents. Ashik et al (2020) also point out that the lower accessibility of a particular urban public facility can be compensated for by the higher accessibility of another one. Therefore, it is not only necessary to allocate specific types of public facilities by disintegrated accessibility measures, but also to conduct integrated measures of accessibility that include different urban public facilities, so as to systematically identify the areas with the biggest overall shortage of services.…”

“…Therefore, it is not only necessary to allocate specific types of public facilities by disintegrated accessibility measures, but also to conduct integrated measures of accessibility that include different urban public facilities, so as to systematically identify the areas with the biggest overall shortage of services. Up till now, relatively few studies have considered a systematic approach to examining the level of accessibility of various urban public facilities (Ashik et al, 2020;Taleai et al, 2014;Tsou et al, 2005). Although these studies have provided a good starting point for measuring the integrated accessibility of various public facilities, several improvements are needed.…”

“…Second, studies on the integrated accessibility of public facilities have paid little attention to travel modes (Ashik et al, 2020). Although the service radius provides the basis for setting the threshold, it cannot reflect the ease of reaching public facilities.…”

Developing an Approach for Generating a Spatial Urban Health Equity Map and Validating via Volunteered Geographic Information

“…To ensure adequate access to urban facilities, it's important for urban planners to realize equity in the geographical arrangement of such facilities (Ashik et al, 2019). Spatial accessibility is commonly defined in terms of distance, where shorter distance denotes greater accessibility (Powell et al, 2006;Moore et al, 2008;Todd et al, 2015;Fan et al, 2017).…”

“…The other measures to model spatial equity are the density and distribution of HCMCs (Richardson et al, 2012;Ashik et al, 2019). Density is related to the number of HCMCs per km 2 .…”