Towards tunable resistivity–strain behavior through construction of oriented and selectively distributed conductive networks in conductive polymer composites

Deng, Hua; Ji, Mizhi; Yan, Dongxue; Fu, Sirui; Duan, Lingyan; Zhang, Mengwei; Fu, Qiang

doi:10.1039/c4ta01073f

Cited by 85 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Strong interfacial binding between elastic nanomaterials (e.g., CNT and graphene) and polymers would give better strain sensing performances. [ 46,62,77,116 ] When the binding is weak, elastic nanomaterials can slide inside the polymer matrices upon high stretching while they cannot rapidly slide back to their original positions after complete release of strain, resulting in high hysteresis behavior. [ 46 ] On the contrary, very weak interfacial adhesion between rigid nanomaterials (e.g., metal NWs) and polymers is demanded for the full recovery of the nanomaterials to their initial positions upon releasing.…”

Section: Hysteresismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical, chemical, biological, and environmental status of the human body could be monitored by various fl exible sensors with high effi ciency and minimum discomfort. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Stretchable strain sensors were fabricated through different processes including fi ltration method, [ 10,47,58,71,73,79,80 ] printing technology, [ 57,65,66,71 ] transferring and micromolding methods, [ 14,50,52,55,56,58,60 ] coating techniques, [ 49,54,61,63,72,78,79 ] liquid phase mixing, [ 12,51,52,60,62,71,77,81 ] and chemical synthesis methods. [ 14,55,56,76,82 ] We have recently reported highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensors based on the silver nanowires (AgNWs)-elastomer nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stretchable, Skin‐Mountable, and Wearable Strain Sensors and Their Potential Applications: A Review

Amjadi

Kyung

Park

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

2,530

2,129

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wileyonlinelibrary.comSkin-mountable and wearable sensors can be attached onto the clothing or even directly mounted on the human skin for the real-time monitoring of human activities. [ 10 ] Besides their high effi ciency, they must fulfi ll several minimum requirements including high stretchability, fl exibility, durability, low power consumption, biocompatibility, and lightweight. These demands become even more severe for epidermal electronic devices where mechanical compliance like human skin and high stretchability ( ε > 100% where ε is the strain) are required. [ 11,12 ] Recently, several types of skin-mountable and wearable sensors have been proposed by using nanomaterials coupled with fl exible and stretchable polymers. Indeed, nanomaterials are utilized as functional sensing elements owing to their outstanding electrical, mechanical, optical, and chemical properties while polymers are employed as fl exible support materials thanks to their fl exibility, stretchability, humanfriendliness, and durability. [ 13 ] Examples of those innovative sensors include strain sensors, [ 10,[12][13][14] pressure sensors, [ 5,[15][16][17] electronic skins (e-skins), [ 3,[16][17][18][19][20] and temperature sensors. [ 2,21,22 ] Particularly, various skin-mountable and wearable strain sensors have been developed because of their broad applications in personalized heath-monitoring, human motion detection, human-machine interfaces, and soft robotics. [ 10,12,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] This paper aims to survey fabrication processes, working mechanisms, strain sensing performances, and applications of stretchable strain sensors. The article is organized as follows: fi rst, common operation mechanisms of stretchable strain sensors are described. Here, we summarize novel functional nanomaterials and techniques for the fabrication of stretchable strain sensors in details. Second, mechanisms involved in the strain-responsive behavior of resistive-type and capacitive-type sensors are explained. We show that the infl uence of traditional mechanisms like geometrical changes and piezoresistivity of materials on the strain sensing performance of fl exible strain sensors are very small whereas mechanisms such as disconnection between sensing elements, crack propagation in thin fi lms, and tunneling effect can potentially be employed for highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensing. Third, we emphasize the performance parameters of stretchable strain sensors in terms of stretchability, sensitivity, linearity, hysteresis behavior, response time, overshooting, and durability. We demonstrate

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Section: Hysteresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable, Skin‐Mountable, and Wearable Strain Sensors and Their Potential Applications: A Review

Amjadi

Kyung

Park

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

2,530

2,129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1,[63][64][65] In addition, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of porous graphene/TPU foam in the fiftieth cycle under the strain of 90% were also studied ( Fig. 10(e)).…”

Section: Piezoresistive Behavior Of Porous Graphene/tpu Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight conductive graphene/thermoplastic polyurethane foams with ultrahigh compressibility for piezoresistive sensing

et al. 2017

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“…More recently, conductive polymeric composites have been extensively employed in the fabrication of energy storage devices, batteries, 3D printing materials, electromagnetic shielding, flexible displays and smart sensors 30–34 . Compact network of conductive fillers in a polymeric matrix is essential for the development of the composites with high conductivity 35–37 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon fiber doped thermosetting elastomer for flexible sensors: physical properties and microfabrication

Khosla

Shah

Shiblee

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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We have developed conductive microstructures using micropatternable and conductive hybrid nanocomposite polymer. In this method carbon fibers (CFs) were blended into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Electrical conductivities of different compositions were investigated with various fiber lengths (50–250 μm), and weight percentages (wt%) (10–60 wt%). Sample composites of 2 cm × 1 cm × 500 μm were fabricated for 4-point probe conductivity measurements. The measured percolation thresholds varied with length of the fibers: 50 wt% (307.7 S/m) for 50 µm, 40 wt% (851.1 S/m) for 150 µm, and 30 wt% (769.23 S/m) for 250 μm fibers. The conductive composites showed higher elastic modulus when compared to that of PDMS.

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Towards tunable resistivity–strain behavior through construction of oriented and selectively distributed conductive networks in conductive polymer composites

Abstract: We present a new way of combining polymer blends and pre-stretching to design strain sensing polymer composites. Fibrillization and “slippage” between conductive phases are proposed to explain the resistivity–strain behavior.

Cited by 85 publications

References 41 publications

Stretchable, Skin‐Mountable, and Wearable Strain Sensors and Their Potential Applications: A Review

Stretchable, Skin‐Mountable, and Wearable Strain Sensors and Their Potential Applications: A Review

Lightweight conductive graphene/thermoplastic polyurethane foams with ultrahigh compressibility for piezoresistive sensing

Carbon fiber doped thermosetting elastomer for flexible sensors: physical properties and microfabrication

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