Towards Integrated Mid-Infrared Gas Sensors

Popa, D.; Udrea, F.

doi:10.3390/s19092076

Cited by 208 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…modulated and the matching acoustic wave is detected [35][36][37]. Popa and Udrea compared direct absorption and photo-acoustic compact spectrometers in a recent publication [38].…”

Section: Absorption and Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for photonic integrated circuits in optical gas sensors

Hänsel

Heck

2020

J. Phys. Photonics

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In this article, the potential of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for modern gas sensing applications is discussed. Optical detection systems can be found at the high-end of the currently available gas detectors, and PIC-based optical spectroscopic devices promise a significant reduction in size and cost. The performance of such devices is reviewed here. This discussion is not limited to one semiconductor platform, but includes several available platforms operating from the visible wavelength range up to the long wavelength infrared. The different platforms are evaluated regarding their capabilities in creating a fully integrated spectroscopic setup, including light source, interaction cell and detection unit. Advanced spectroscopy methods are assessed regarding their PIC compatibility. Based on the comparison of PICs with state-of-the-art bulk optical devices, it can be concluded that they can fill the application space of compact and low cost optical gas sensors.

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“…modulated and the matching acoustic wave is detected [35][36][37]. Popa and Udrea compared direct absorption and photo-acoustic compact spectrometers in a recent publication [38].…”

Section: Absorption and Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for photonic integrated circuits in optical gas sensors

Hänsel

Heck

2020

J. Phys. Photonics

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“…The wavelength and intensity of light absorbed is a characteristic of a given molecule, which provides a nearly universal means for their detection. Mid‐IR spectroscopy probes the characteristic vibrational absorption spectra of molecular species to provide a wealth of structural and chemical information, and thus has been considered as a gold standard technique for modern analytical chemistry 159–163 …”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated photonic materials for the mid‐infrared

Yadav

Agarwal

2020

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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While silicon photonic integrated circuits for the near-infrared (IR) telecommunication band have attracted great research interest in the past decade, recent advances offer opportunities to extend the operational wavelength to the mid-IR (2.5-20 μm) for free space communications, sensing, environmental monitoring and much more.In this study, we will comprehensively review the current status of materials available for mid-IR waveguides and waveguide integrated photodetectors, with a few application oriented examples to illustrate the technological importance and significant growth opportunity for integrated photonics in the mid-IR regime. However, this wavelength regime also presents new material design and fabrication challenges.Therefore, we will discuss the critical issues prior to commercialization and will briefly summarize the outlook on future research topics along with opportunities.

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“…T CON = e −(α gas 1 )×c1×L cell × e −(α gas 2 )×c2×L cell (5) where α gas1 and α gas2 are the molar absorptivities of the target gas and the back gas, respectively. L cell is the optical path length of the gas cell and c1, c2 are the gas concentrations of the target and the back gas.…”

Section: Absorption Modelling Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniaturised Infrared Spectrophotometer for Low Power Consumption Multi-Gas Sensing

Muhiyudin

Hutson

Gibson

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Concept, design and practical implementation of a miniaturized spectrophotometer, utilized as a mid-infrared-based multi gas sensor is described. The sensor covers an infrared absorption wavelength range of 2.9 to 4.8 um, providing detection capabilities for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, sulphur dioxide, ammonia and methane. A lead selenide photo-detector array and customized MEMS-based micro-hotplate are used as the detector and broadband infrared source, respectively. The spectrophotometer optics are based on an injection moulded Schwarzschild configuration incorporating optical pass band filters for the spectral discrimination. This work explores the effects of using both fixed-line pass band and linear variable optical filters. We report the effectiveness of this low-power-consumption miniaturized spectrophotometer as a stand-alone single and multi-gas sensor, usage of a distinct reference channel during gas measurements, development of ideal optical filters and spectral control of the source and detector. Results also demonstrate the use of short-time pulsed inputs as an effective and efficient way of operating the sensor in a low-power-consumption mode. We describe performance of the spectrometer as a multi-gas sensor, optimizing individual component performances, power consumption, temperature sensitivity and gas properties using modelling and customized experimental procedures.

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Towards Integrated Mid-Infrared Gas Sensors

Cited by 208 publications

References 109 publications

Opportunities for photonic integrated circuits in optical gas sensors

Opportunities for photonic integrated circuits in optical gas sensors

Integrated photonic materials for the mid‐infrared

Miniaturised Infrared Spectrophotometer for Low Power Consumption Multi-Gas Sensing

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