Towards an open sound card

Abstract

The architecture of a sound card can, in simple terms, be described as an electronic board containing a digital bus interface hardware, and analog-to-digital (A/D) and digitalto-analog (D/A) converters; then, a soundcard driver software on a personal computer's (PC) operating system (OS) can control the operation of the A/D and D/A converters on board the soundcard, through a particular bus interface of the PC -acting as an intermediary for high-level audio software running in the PC's OS.This project provides open-source software for a do-ityourself (DIY) prototype board based on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), that interfaces to a PC through the USB bus -and demonstrates full-duplex, mono 8-bit/44.1 kHz soundcard operation. Thus, the inclusion of FPGA technology in this paper -along with previous work with discrete part-and microcontroller-based designs -completes an overview of architectures, currently available for DIY implementations of soundcards; serving as a broad introductory tutorial to practical digital audio.

Embedded Wireless Automatically Watering Plants Using UAV

“…A processor board is with microcontroller ATmega328 [3], which controls the operation of all motors, controls UAV including sensors measuring temperature and humidity in order to be processed for batch automatic for control of the UAV. As part of the process in order to display to the user, it uses a microprocessor ARM11 family of processors to use for display steaming video while the performance of the UAV.…”