Towards a sustainable management concept for ecosystem services of the Pantanal wetland

Wantzen, Karl M.; Cunha, Cátia Nunes da; Junk, Wolfgang J.; Girard, Pierre; Rossetto, Onélia Carmem; Penha, Jerry; Couto, Eduardo Guimarães; Becker, Michael; Priante, Gabriela; Tomás, Walfrido Moraes; Santos, S. A.; Marta, José Manuel Carvalho; Domingos, Ivens; Sonoda, Fatima; Curvo, Marise; Callil, Cláudia Tasso

doi:10.2478/v10104-009-0009-9

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…While the impacts of cattle ranching have been brought to light-such as competition for space with wild animals, and the introduction of fencing and exotic grasses [59]-many commentators argue that the effects of these practices are relatively small on the Pantanal system [55,60]. Indeed, the challenging environmental conditions, difficulty of access, and lack of major urban areas also contribute to the argument that the Pantanal is still in a "rather pristine condition" [55] (p. 301) with "a history of harmonious coexistence of man and biodiversity" [61] (p. 115).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, human threats have been imposed on the Pantanal for many decades [62] and are manifold today. These include: river flow modification as a result of hydroelectric plants such as the Manso dam [55,61]; problematic upstream practices leading to e.g., river silting and changing aquatic food systems [63]; potential revival of the proposed Hidrovia project to canalise the Paraguay River for commercial transportation of commodities e.g., soybeans to the Atlantic ocean [54,56,64,65]; conversion of natural vegetation into pasture and crops [66]; unsustainable recreation and tourism [30,67]; gold mining [30]; agricultural modernization [58]; drug trafficking [68]; water pollution [64,66]; introduction of invasive exotic species [66]; lack of environmental awareness of stakeholders [69]; socio-environmental inequalities [69,70]; and human-wildlife conflict, notably concerning rancher-jaguar interaction [53,71,72].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Online and Offline Representations of Biocultural Diversity: A Political Ecology Perspective on Nature-Based Tourism and Indigenous Communities in the Brazilian Pantanal

et al. 2018

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The concept of biocultural diversity is confronted with contemporary changes that impact on local communities, such as globalization and digital transformations. Engaging the conceptual flexibility of 'biocultural diversity', we studied nature-based tourism at the intersection of indigenous communities and the digital realm. We employed a political ecology perspective to examine online and offline representations of biocultural diversity in the Brazilian Pantanal, one of the biggest wetlands in the world, and home to groups of peoples known as the Pantaneiros. Data from interviews with 48 stakeholders in the tourist sector were structured along three 'myths'-the Uncivilised, Unrestrained, and Unchanged-for which we have also constructed counter narratives. Each myth denoted the primacy of biodiversity, and ignored broader dimensions of the Pantanal as a bioculturally diverse landscape. The relationships of the Pantaneiros with their environment were found to be intricate and had clear repercussions for tourism, but ironically, reference to the Pantaneiro culture in nature-based tourism was superficial. Moreover, thriving on the myths, this form of tourism perpetuates skewed power structures and social inequalities. Lower-class Pantaneiros likely suffer most from this. We recommend stakeholder engagement with a biocultural design that facilitates the integration of other-than-biodiversity values, and that thereby promotes sustainability of the entire social-ecological system. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3643 2 of 20 and parcel of mainstream environmental discourses and initiatives [1]. Yet, despite this, the concept has received criticism too. Focusing on landscapes, species, and genetic diversity, biodiversity overlooks human and cultural components of landscapes [2,3]. As such biodiversity conservation has conceptual roots in one of the earliest institutionalised expressions of nature conservation: the National Park movement that commenced with Yellowstone in 1872. In their most stringent form, both National Parks and biodiversity protection may lead to so-called fortress conservation in which rigid boundaries between human and nature are drawn. Both in historical and recent times, indigenous communities and other local peoples have been suffering from the consequences of fortress conservation, which have included displacement, restricted land access and rights, and unfair relations of production [4].Understandings of biocultural diversity-the interrelated and co-evolved diversity of life in its biological and cultural manifestations [5]-takes a more holistic approach to natural areas and its inhabitants than biodiversity conservation does. 'Biocultural diversity' explicitly embraces the notion of social-ecological systems, in which the interrelatedness between rural populations and the natural environment are emphasised, either in a traditional setting or with regard to newer human-nature interactions [2,6]. Moreover, biocultural diversity aims to pay heed to the various cultural manifestations-such as worldviews,...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online and Offline Representations of Biocultural Diversity: A Political Ecology Perspective on Nature-Based Tourism and Indigenous Communities in the Brazilian Pantanal

et al. 2018

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“…A área de estudo está localizada na região de planalto da bacia do Alto Paraguai (BAP), sendo de considerável relevância ecológica, pois os problemas ambientais da região do Pantanal, em parte, dependem dos processos ocorridos no planalto (Wantzen et al, 2008). O Pantanal é reconhecido como a maior planície alagável do mundo e designada como patrimônio nacional pela Constituição Brasileira (Seidl et al, 2001).…”

Section: áRea De Estudounclassified

Nova abordagem sobre o modelo Brasileiro de serviços ambientais

Rodrigues

Sobrinho

Oliveira

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOO programa brasileiro de serviços ambientais, denominado "Produtor de Água", apoia-se em incentivos financeiros proporcionais à redução da erosão advinda da implantação voluntária de projetos de conservação do solo por parte de produtores rurais. No entanto, esse programa não constitui restrições preestabelecidas de elegibilidade de áreas de aplicação ou de propostas de conservação. Assim, no sentido de contribuir para a evolução metodológica desse programa, propõe-se uma nova abordagem deste, analisando-se, essencialmente, duas adaptações: introdução de critério de elegibilidade; e utilização da aptidão agrícola para indicação de propostas de uso intensivo e conservação do solo. Para isso, tomou-se por base uma bacia hidrográfica rural próxima ao Pantanal brasileiro, em Terenos, MS. O novo critério de elegibilidade foi baseado no Risco Natural de Erosão (razão entre o potencial natural de erosão e a tolerância à perda de solo). As propostas de ocupação do solo, por sua vez, foram definidas a partir de mapa de aptidão agrícola predefinido. O estudo revela que o novo critério de elegibilidade foi capaz de contemplar somente cerca de 40 % da área de estudo. A aplicação da classificação de aptidão agrícola nessa parcela reduziu drasticamente as alternativas de uso intensivo do solo, direcionando-as, em grande parte, para a atividade pecuária. A análise das duas propostas de inovação do programa "Produtor de Água" permite inferir quanto à potencialidade delas na formação de estratégias de aplicação do programa, além de promover uso mais eficiente dos recursos financeiros destinados ao pagamento por serviços ambientais no contexto brasileiro.Termos de indexação: uso sustentável do solo, conservação do solo, políticas agroambientais.(1) Parte da Dissertação de Mestrado do primeiro autor. Recebido para publicação em setembro de 2010 e aprovado em março de 2011.

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“…Our results indicate that the Pantanal wetland is more susceptible to changes in tributary inflows than to changes in local precipitation, which is determined by the regional climate conditions [74]. The direct effect of human-induced changes on the inundation dynamics, and thus on the evaporative water loss, will have major implications for the wetland ecosystem recalling that the annual flood pulse is the key driver for the wetland's biodiversity [5]. Using evaporation as a proxy for the ecosystem functioning is based on the link it constitutes between the climatological and the ecological system and its important role in the hydrological water cycle [6].…”

Section: Impact Of Local and Upstream Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter is seen as the key driver for the functioning of the whole wetland. The shape and magnitude of the flood pulse are determined by the regional climate, in particular the precipitation pattern, and the flow regime of rivers flowing into the wetland as well as directly on the floodplain [5]. The seasonal flood pulse in turn controls evaporation being the dominant part in the wetland's water balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Ground- and Space-Based Assessment of Regional Inundation Dynamics to Assess Impact of Local and Upstream Changes on Evaporation in Tropical Wetlands

et al. 2015

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Abstract:Modifications of human land use and climate change are known to be a threat for the health and proper functioning of tropical wetlands. They interfere with the seasonal flood pulse, which is seen as the most important driver for biodiversity and directly controls evaporation. In order to investigate the impact of local and upstream changes on wetlands, a regional assessment of evaporation is crucial but challenging in such often remote and poorly gauged ecosystems. Evaporation is the major water balance component of these wetlands and links the flood pulse with the ecosystem. It can therefore be seen as a proxy for their functioning. In the last decades, information from space became an important data source to assess remote wetland areas. Here, we developed a new approach to quantify regional evaporation driven by inundation dynamics as its dominant control. We used three water and vegetation indices (mNDWI (modified Normalized Difference Water Index), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index)) from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) surface reflectance products to assess regional inundation dynamics between the dry and wet seasons. Two years of continual in situ water level measurements at different locations in our study area, the OPEN ACCESS Remote Sens. 2015, 7 9770Pantanal wetland of South America, provided the reference to evaluate our method. With process-based modeling that used the inundation dynamics to determine the water available for evaporation, we were able to estimate actual evaporation (AET) on a regional scale. Relating AET to changes in discharge due to upstream flow modifications and on local precipitation over the last 13 years, we found that the Pantanal is more vulnerable to alternated inundation dynamics than to changes in local precipitation. We concluded that coupling ground-and space-based information in this remote wetland area is a valuable first step to investigate the status of the Pantanal ecosystem.

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Towards a sustainable management concept for ecosystem services of the Pantanal wetland

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

Online and Offline Representations of Biocultural Diversity: A Political Ecology Perspective on Nature-Based Tourism and Indigenous Communities in the Brazilian Pantanal

Online and Offline Representations of Biocultural Diversity: A Political Ecology Perspective on Nature-Based Tourism and Indigenous Communities in the Brazilian Pantanal

Nova abordagem sobre o modelo Brasileiro de serviços ambientais

Coupled Ground- and Space-Based Assessment of Regional Inundation Dynamics to Assess Impact of Local and Upstream Changes on Evaporation in Tropical Wetlands

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