Towards a post-traumatic subtype of obsessive–compulsive disorder

Fontenelle, Leonardo F.; Cocchi, Luca; Harrison, Ben J; Shavitt, Roseli Gedanke; Rosario, Maria Conceição do; Ferrão, Ygor Arzeno; Mathis, Maria Alice de; Cordioli, Aristides Volpato; Yücel, Murat; Pantelis, Christos; Mari, Jair de Jesus; Miguel, Eurí­pedes Constantino; Torres, Albina Rodrigues

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.12.001

Cited by 95 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Further, adolescence is a time of increased vulnerability to develop anxiety or depressive symptoms (Paus et al, 2008), especially after experiencing a childhood interpersonal trauma or witnessing violence as a child (Brown et al, 1999; Russell et al, 2010). In addition to trauma-related disorders, there is emerging research examining a unique relation between trauma exposure and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms (Fontenelle et al, 2012). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of traumatic experiences on obsessive-compulsive and internalizing symptoms: The role of avoidance and mindfulness

Kroska

Miller

Roche

et al. 2018

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background Trauma exposure is associated with adverse psychological outcomes including anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. Adolescence is increasingly recognized as a period of vulnerability for the onset of these types of psychological symptoms. The current study explored the mediating roles of experiential avoidance and mindfulness processes in the association between retrospective reports of childhood trauma and current internalizing and OC symptoms in adolescents. Method A group of at-risk adolescents (N =51) and a group of college students (N =400) reported on childhood trauma, experiential avoidance, mindfulness, anxiety, depressive, and OC symptoms. Mediation analyses were performed to examine the mechanistic roles of avoidance and mindfulness in the association between trauma and internalizing and OC-specific symptoms. Results In the group of at-risk adolescents, experiential avoidance and mindfulness both significantly mediated the association between childhood trauma and OC symptoms. In the college student sample, experiential avoidance mediated the association between trauma and OC symptoms. Experiential avoidance, as well as the observe, act with awareness, and nonjudgmental facets of mindfulness all significantly mediated the association between trauma and internalizing symptoms. Limitations The group of at-risk adolescents was small, and the college student group was demographically homogeneous. All data was self-report and cross-sectional. Conclusion The current study demonstrated that experiential avoidance and mindfulness processes may be the mechanisms through which the association between trauma and obsessive-compulsive and trauma and internalizing symptoms exist in adolescents. These findings provide potential targets for clinical intervention to improve outcomes for adolescents who have experienced trauma.

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confidence: 99%

Effects of traumatic experiences on obsessive-compulsive and internalizing symptoms: The role of avoidance and mindfulness

Kroska

Miller

Roche

et al. 2018

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…One other study indicates that, a significant trauma, sexual assault, combat exposure, road traffic accidents and personal violence were associated in the precipitation of OCD. 19 Certain types of stressful life events are associated with the severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS). In particular, a history of abuse, neglect and family disruption may make a modest but significant contribution to the severity of OCS.…”

Section: Traumatic / Stressful Life Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder - ‘Sangama Graha’: An Ayurvedic View

Mamidi¹,

Gupta²

2015

J Pharm Sci Innov

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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous and multi dimensional disorder. Prevalence of OCD in general population is 2-3%. The main features of OCD are obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are unwanted, intrusive, unavoidable, ego dystonic, frightening or violent thoughts and often impair quality of life. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts such as washing, cleaning, checking, touching, counting, ordering, hoarding and rituals. The understanding of OCD in Ayurvedic terms is lacking. Obsessions are similar with ati, mithya or bhayanaka chintanam whereas compulsions resembles with cheshta vibhrama. The pathological features like, mano, buddhi, cheshta, sheela and achara vibhrama explained in unmada are also found in OCD. There is marked resemblance in between OCD and bhootonmada in terms of etiopathology, symptomatology, course & prognosis and the nature of disease. The Ayurvedic diagnosis of bhootonmada is suitable for OCD. Sangama graha resembles with the condition of Tourette's syndrome comorbid with OCD.

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“…These disorders frequently co-occur. One study observed lifetime PTSD in up to 19% of individuals with OCD (Fontenelle et al, 2012), and other work has reported lifetime OCD in 31–41% of samples with PTSD (Brown et al, 2001; Nacasch et al, 2011). Comorbid OCD and PTSD presentations have primarily been described in published case series, in which both sets of symptoms emerge in the context of traumatic events, including sexual and physical assault, childhood abuse, combat, and accidents (De Silva and Marks, 2001; Fostick et al, 2012; Gershuny et al, 2003; Sasson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of lifetime PTSD on the seven-year course and clinical characteristics of OCD

Ojserkis

Boisseau

Reddy

et al. 2017

Psychiatry Research

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Research has suggested that the co-occurrence of PTSD in individuals with OCD is associated with more severe symptoms and less responsivity to empirically supported treatment as compared to individuals with OCD and no history of PTSD. However, much of this work has been limited by non-empirical case report design, cross-sectional and retrospective analyses, or small sample sizes. The current study extended this research by comparing the clinical characteristics of individuals with OCD with and without a lifetime PTSD diagnosis in a large, naturalistic, longitudinal sample over the course of seven years. At baseline, individuals with comorbid lifetime PTSD reported significantly more severe symptoms of OCD (including symptom levels and insight), lower quality of life, and higher rates of comorbid lifetime mood and substance use disorders than participants without lifetime PTSD. Further, individuals with comorbid OCD and lifetime PTSD reported significantly more severe OCD symptoms over the course of seven years than those without lifetime PTSD. These results are largely consistent with the existing literature and support the need to consider PTSD symptoms in the assessment and treatment of OCD.

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Towards a post-traumatic subtype of obsessive–compulsive disorder

Cited by 95 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of traumatic experiences on obsessive-compulsive and internalizing symptoms: The role of avoidance and mindfulness

Effects of traumatic experiences on obsessive-compulsive and internalizing symptoms: The role of avoidance and mindfulness

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder - ‘Sangama Graha’: An Ayurvedic View

The impact of lifetime PTSD on the seven-year course and clinical characteristics of OCD

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