Towards a Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia

Frith, C. D.; Done, D.J.

doi:10.1192/bjp.153.4.437

Cited by 517 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In particular, a recent study using a new conflict procedure with rhesus monkeys showed a high correlation between therapeutic potencies and the ability of benzodiazepines to increase suppressed responding. The cingulate cortex has been hypothesized to contribute to the internal monitoring of planning and controlling functions of the prefrontal cortex as well as the regulation of affective signals coming from limbic areas (Frith and Done, 1988). Others have attributed a conflict-monitoring function to this structure (Botvinick, Nystrom et al, 1999) due to its role implementing strategic processes to reduce cognitive conflicts (Carter, Macdonald et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking related activation in limbic areas

et al. 2006

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Rationale-Several studies have examined the role of different neurotransmitter systems in modulating risk-taking behavior.Objective-This investigation was aimed to determine whether the benzodiazepine lorazepam dose-dependently alters risk-taking behavior and underlying neural substrates.Methods-Fifteen healthy, non-smoking, individuals (6 females, 9 males), aged 18-39 years (mean 27.6 +/− 1.4 years) with 12-18 years of education (mean 15.6 +/− 0.3 years) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a risk-taking decision-making task.Results-Our results show that lorazepam did not affect risky behavior at 0.25 and 1mg, but dosedependently attenuated activation in (a) the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex during the response selection phase, and in (b) the bilateral insular cortex and amygdala during the outcome (i.e., rewarded or punished) phase. Furthermore, a lorazepam-induced increase in insular cortex activation was associated with less risky responses.Conclusions-Taken together, our findings support the idea that GABAergic modulation in limbic and paralimbic structures is important during both the response selection and outcome phase of risktaking decision-making.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking related activation in limbic areas

et al. 2006

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“…Broadly speaking, they consist of: 1. source monitoring deficits and 2. aberrant salience (memory-attention disturbances). Recent work on these approaches harks back to the neurocognitive work of the psychologists Frith [52,53], Gray [54][55][56] and Hemsley [57][58][59][60], experimentalists whose views were considered in a phenomenological perspective, and in relationship to self-disturbance in particular, by Sass [9]. These two streams of research will be reviewed in turn before considering ways forward in integrative models, particularly regarding the role of early neurodevelopmental disturbances, primary versus secondary disturbances, and the state versus trait nature of such pathology.…”

Section: The Phenomenological Domain: Basic Self-disturbance In Schizmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards integrating phenomenology and neurocognition: Possible neurocognitive correlates of basic self-disturbance in schizophrenia

Nelson

Sass

2017

Current Problems of Psychiatry

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Phenomenological research indicates that disturbance of the basic sense of self may be a core phenotypic marker of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Basic self-disturbance refers to disruption of the sense of ownership of experience and agency of action and is associated with a variety of anomalous subjective experiences. Little is known about the neurocognitive correlates of basic selfdisturbance. In this paper, we review recent phenomenological and neurocognitive research and point to a convergence of these approaches around the concept of self-disturbance. Specifically, we propose that subjective anomalies associated with basic selfdisturbance may be associated with: 1. source monitoring deficits, which may contribute particularly to disturbances of "ownership" and "mineness" (the phenomenological notion of presence) and 2. aberrant salience, and associated disturbances of memory, prediction, and attention processes, which may contribute to hyper-reflexivity, disturbed "grip" or "hold" on the perceptual and conceptual field, and disturbances of intuitive social understanding ("common sense"). These two streams of research are reviewed in turn before considering ways forward in integrative models, particularly regarding the role of early neurodevelopmental disturbances, primary versus secondary disturbances, and the state versus trait nature of such pathology. Empirical studies are required in a variety of populations in order to test the proposed associations between phenomenological and neurocognitive aspects of self-disturbance in schizophrenia. An integration of findings across the phenomenological and neurocognitive domains would represent a significant advance in the understanding of schizophrenia and possibly enhance early identification and intervention strategies.

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“…Several authors have explained such delusions as a breakdown of the sense of agency (Frith, 1988, Frith and Done, 1989, Frith, 1992, Blakemore, et al, 2002. However, schizophrenia patients without first-rank symptoms also show sense of agency impairments, albeit to a lesser degree (Daprati et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with schizophrenia may exhibit a specific group of symptoms, so-called first-rank symptoms, which include passivity symptoms such as thought insertion or delusions of control (Blakemore et al, 2002). Patients with these symptoms experience others'actions as a consequence of their own intentions or attribute their own actions to external sources.Several authors have explained such delusions as a breakdown of the sense of agency (Frith, 1988, Frith and Done, 1989, Frith, 1992, Blakemore, et al, 2002. However, schizophrenia patients without first-rank symptoms also show sense of agency impairments, albeit to a lesser degree (Daprati et al, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense of agency and mentalizing: Dissociation of subdomains of social cognition in patients with schizophrenia

Schimansky

David

Rössler

et al. 2010

Psychiatry Research

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The sense of agency, i.e., the sense that "I am the one who is causing an action", and mentalizing, the ability to understand the mental states of other individuals, are key domains of social cognition. It has been hypothesized that an intact sense of agency is an important precondition for higher-level mentalizing abilities. A substantial body of evidence shows that both processes rely on similar brain areas and are severely impaired in schizophrenia, suggesting a close link between agency and mentalizing. Yet this relationship has not been explicitly tested. We investigated 40 individuals with schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls on an agency and mentalizing task. On the agency task, participants carried out simple mouse movements and judged the partially manipulated visual feedback as either self-or other-generated. On the mentalizing task, participants inferred mental states from pictures that depicted others' eyes ("Reading the mind in the eyes test"). Neuropsychological, psychopathological and social functioning levels were also evaluated. Both sense of agency and mentalizing were impaired in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls. However, testing for a relationship revealed no significant correlations between the two processes, either in the schizophrenia or the control group. The present findings demonstrate a dissociation of agency and mentalizing deficits in schizophrenia, suggesting that the multifaceted construct of social cognition consists of independent subdomains in healthy and psychiatrically ill individuals. AbstractThe sense of agency, i.e., the sense that "I am the one who is causing an action", and mentalizing, the ability to understand the mental states of other individuals, are key domains of social cognition. It has been hypothesized that an intact sense of agency is an important precondition for higher-level mentalizing abilities. A substantial body of evidence shows that both processes rely on similar brain areas and are severely impaired in schizophrenia, suggesting a close link between agency andmentalizing. Yet this relationship has not been explicitly tested. We investigated 40 individuals with schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls on an agency and mentalizing task. On the agency task, participants carried out simple mouse movements and judged the partially manipulated visual feedback as either self or other generated. On the mentalizing task, participants inferred mental states from pictures that depicted others' eyes ("Reading the Mind in the Eyes test"). Neuropsychological, psychopathological and social functioning levels were also evaluated.Both sense of agency and mentalizing were impaired in schizophrenics compared to healthy controls.However, testing for a relationship revealed no significant correlations between the two processes, either in the schizophrenia or the control group.The present findings demonstrate a dissociation of agency and mentalizing deficits in schizophrenia,suggesting that the multifaceted construct of social cognition consists of independ...

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Towards a Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia

Cited by 517 publications

References 36 publications

Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking related activation in limbic areas

Lorazepam dose-dependently decreases risk-taking related activation in limbic areas

Towards integrating phenomenology and neurocognition: Possible neurocognitive correlates of basic self-disturbance in schizophrenia

Sense of agency and mentalizing: Dissociation of subdomains of social cognition in patients with schizophrenia

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