Towards a natural classification of Botryosphaeriales

Abstract

Spencermartinsia and Vestergrenia were examined and fresh specimens of Botryosphaeriales were collected from Thailand. This material is used to provide a systematic treatment of Botryosphaeriales based on morphology and phylogeny. Two new genera, Botryobambusa and Cophinforma are introduced and compared with existing genera. Four species new to science, Auerswaldia dothiorella, A. lignicola, Botryosphaeria fusispora and Phaeobotryosphaeria eucalypti, are also described and justified. We accept 29 genera in Botryosphaeriales, with Macrovalsaria being newly placed. In the phylogenetic tree, the 114 strains of Botyrosphaeriales included in the analysis cluster into two major clades with 80 %, 96 % and 1.00 (MP, ML and BY) support, with Clade A containing the family type of Botryosphaeriaceae, and Clade B containing Phyllosticta, Saccharata and Melanops species. This group may represent Phyllostictaceae. In Clade A the taxa analyzed cluster in eight sub-clades (Clades A1-8). Clade A1 comprises three distinct subclusters corresponding to the genera Diplodia (Diplodia Clade), Neodeightonia (Neodeightonia Clade) and Lasiodiplodia (Lasiodiplodia Clade

Aplosporella thailandica; a novel species revealing the sexual-asexual connection in Aplosporellaceae (Botryosphaeriales)

“…However, a comprehensive comparison between these two species was not possible on account of the unavailability of illustrations and detailed descriptions of A. chlorostroma. The sexual morph of A. thailandica is morphologically similar to Bagnisiella australis, which forms multiloculate ascostromata, short, apically rounded asci and ellipsoid, hyaline ascospores (Liu et al 2012, Thambugala et al 2014). However, they differ in their ascospore characteristics.…”

“…According to Hyde et al (2011) and Liu et al (2012) Aplosporella is an asexual genus circumscribed by multilocular pycnidial conidiomata embedded in stromatic tissues opening by a communal ostiole. Conidiophores are reduced to hyaline, phialidic conidiogenous cells and conidia are aseptate, ellipsoid to subcylindrical, initially hyaline, thinwalled and smooth, becoming pigmented, thick-walled and spinulose (Sutton 1980).…”

“…Asci are bitunicate, mostly with a thick endotunica, clavate, with a well-developed apical chamber and intermixed with pseudoparaphyses. Pseudoparaphyses are hyphoid, hyaline and septate and ascospores are hyaline to pigmented, frequently aseptate, ellipsoid to ovoid and lack mucoid appendages or sheaths (Slippers et al 2013, Liu et al 2012, Thambugala et al 2014.…”

Enzymatic Potential of Native Fungal Strains of Agave Residues

“…Taxonomic studies have shown that a morphological characterization is insufficient for the clear identification of this species; thus, sequencing methods should be used as an important tool for their identification. Other researchers Abdollahzadeh et al 2013;Liu et al 2012) made a reclassification of these fungi by undertaking other regions of highly conserved ribosomal DNA genes, such as: 5.8s, 28s, and also the β-tubulin gene, so it is recommended to perform a deeper identification study in this strain.…”

Muyocopron garethjonesii sp. nov. (Muyocopronales, Dothideomycetes) on Pandanus sp.

“…To perform Bayesian analysis, the model of evolution was estimated by using MrModeltest 2.2 (Nylander 2004) with the nucleotide substitution models selected for combined datasets as GTR+I+G. Posterior probabilities (PP) (Rannala & Yang 1996) were established by Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling (MCMC) in MrBayes v 3.0b4 (Liu et al 2012). Six simultaneous Markov chains were run for 1,000,000 generations and trees were sampled every 100 th generations (Cai et al 2006).…”