Towards a Glass New World: The Role of Ion-Exchange in Modern Technology

Berneschi, Simone; Righini, Giancarlo C.; Pelli, S.

doi:10.3390/app11104610

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 214 publications

(264 reference statements)

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“…It is known that one can introduce silver ions into a glass network by silver-to-sodium ion exchange [44]. The replacement of sodium ions in glass by silver ones occurs when the glass is immersed in a silver-containing molten salt at elevated temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Spectral Density Analysis for Optimizing SERS Structures

Babich

Scherbak

Lubyankina

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The problem of optimizing the topography of metal structures allowing Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) sensing is considered. We developed a model, which randomly distributes hemispheroidal particles over a given area of the glass substrate and estimates SERS capabilities of the obtained structures. We applied Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis to modeled structures and to atomic force microscope images widely used in SERS metal island films and metal dendrites. The comparison of measured and calculated SERS signals from differing characteristics structures with the results of PSD analysis of these structures has shown that this approach allows simple identification and choosing a structure topography, which is capable of providing the maximal enhancement of Raman signal within a given set of structures of the same type placed on the substrate.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Spectral Density Analysis for Optimizing SERS Structures

Babich

Scherbak

Lubyankina

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…Figure a shows the optical density spectra of IE 2%, IE 4%, and IE 6% samples. In Figure a, each spectrum includes an intense peak below 300 nm and a small broad hump in the vicinity of 400 nm, respectively, ascribed to the absorption band of Ag + s and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of silver nanoclusters . The SPR hump is better shown in the inset of Figure a.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the last stage, the samples were rinsed with distilled water. As a result, the ion-exchanged samples were faint yellow after the IE process, as represented in Figure S1 of the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, Na + s were replaced by Ag + s in the IE process . In the glass, the presence of impurities, such as arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3 ) and ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), promotes the reduction of Ag + s into metallic clusters. , …”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the significant challenges of using ion-exchanged glasses as a waveguide is coupling the light beam into the waveguides. ,, Among different coupling mechanisms, the prism coupling approach and periodic nanostructures are the most appropriate methods for coupling the light beam into ion-exchanged glasses. ,,, In the prism coupling technique, a high-index prism guides incident light into the waveguide. For this purpose, phase matching must occur between the incident wave and guided mode .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupling Light in Ion-Exchanged Waveguides by Silver Nanoparticle-Based Nanogratings: Manipulating the Refractive Index of Waveguides

Aslani

Talebi

Vashaee

2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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We report the fabrication and properties of ion-exchanged optical waveguides based on low-cost soda-lime glasses embedded with silver ions and nanoparticles. Using the thermal ion-exchange process, we embed silver ions into soda-lime glasses by covering the glasses with different ratios of AgNO3:NaNO3 molten salt (2:98, 4:96, and 6:94) at 350 °C. The ion-exchanged glasses containing silver nanoparticles were characterized by using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, the X-ray diffraction technique, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy of the surface. It is shown that the ion-exchanged glasses make low-loss optical waveguides. Furthermore, we evaluate the refractive index of ion-exchanged waveguides by laser coupling into the waveguide. For this purpose, the ion-exchanged glasses were coated with a silver chloride thin film loaded with silver nanoparticles (Ag-AgCl). When the Ag-AgCl layer is irradiated by a polarized coherent light beam, silver nanograting is formed on the surface of the ion-exchanged glass, and the light beam is simultaneously coupled into the glass. The line-space of nanograting determines the effective refractive index of the ion-exchanged glass. Although we expected the sample with the highest ratio of AgNO3:NaNO3 salt (6:94) to have the largest refractive index, our results demonstrate that the ion-exchanged sample with 4% AgNO3 has the largest effective refractive index, which is due to the penetration of more silver ions and nanoparticles in the glass matrix. Therefore, it is further demonstrated that using a Ag-AgCl layer on an ion-exchanged waveguide is an effective method for coupling light into the waveguides and measuring its refractive index. The mentioned coupling technique in combination with easily fabricated ion-exchanged waveguide has served as an excellent platform for applications in integrated optical circuits.

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14‐3: Drop Resistance Optimization Through Post‐Hoc Analysis of Chemically Strengthened Glass

Baek,

An,

Kuk

et al. 2023

Symp Digest of Tech Papers

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In the market of the mobile cover glass, the development of chemically strengthened glass is focused on the drop resistance improvement. The cover glass which protects the display panel is a typical brittle material that the micro cracks tends to be occurred underneath a glass surface by physical impacts. The micro cracks tends to be propagated by tensile stress and it is known as a general procedures on glass breakage. In purpose of the cover glass strength improvement, compressive stress is applied to the glass surface using chemical strengthening method by ion exchange. However, since the central area of the glass is relatively subjected to tensile stress, the glass is instantly broken when the propagated cracks are reached on the tensile stress exerted area. The glass specifications have been managed for maintaining the strength using parameters of compressive stress (CS), depth of compression (DOC), and central tension (CT). However, there was no method to judge the most effective factor for impact drop resistance. In order to solve this problem, we developed a machine learning program for cover glass that can predict the breakage height based on stress and mapped evaluation data based on the measured stress profile data and the actual drop breakage simulated evaluation. Especially, eXplainable AI (XAI) method is used to identify the effective factors on drop breakage height. And the test and measurement data were applied to various chemically strengthened glass for analysis.In this study, it was possible to predict the drop breakage height only by measuring the stress profile of chemically strengthened glass. The feature value of chemically strengthened that has the most effect on the drop breakage resistance on rough surfaces was identified to be stress value at 30um in the case of alkali aluminosilicate glass. And it was proved that the drop breakage height was improved by 25% only by increasing the compressive stress at 30um depth.

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Towards a Glass New World: The Role of Ion-Exchange in Modern Technology

Cited by 26 publications

References 214 publications

Power Spectral Density Analysis for Optimizing SERS Structures

Power Spectral Density Analysis for Optimizing SERS Structures

Coupling Light in Ion-Exchanged Waveguides by Silver Nanoparticle-Based Nanogratings: Manipulating the Refractive Index of Waveguides

14‐3: Drop Resistance Optimization Through Post‐Hoc Analysis of Chemically Strengthened Glass

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