Toward Understanding the Etiology of Male Breast Cancer: An Ongoing Research Challenge

Zeinomar, Nur; Bandera, Elisa V.; Qin, Bo

doi:10.1093/jncics/pkab079

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Usually, patients with MBC have it detected at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, are at an older age, and have a worse overall survival (OS) rate compared to FBC patients [106], so MBC mortality is higher (18.2%) than FBC (17.2%) [107]. Moreover, Zeinomar et al (2021) showed that Black men have worse overall survival following a BC diagnosis compared to White men [108]. In the United States, rates were higher in Black men than White men for all BC subtypes, while among women, rates in Black people were 21% lower for HR+/HER2−, comparable for HR+/HER2+, 29% higher for HR−/HER2+ and 93% higher for TNBC [109].…”

Section: Biological Sex-and Gender-related Disparity In Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era

Neagu,

Bruno,

Johnson

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Precision oncology is based on deep knowledge of the molecular profile of tumors, allowing for more accurate and personalized therapy for specific groups of patients who are different in disease susceptibility as well as treatment response. Thus, onco-breastomics is able to discover novel biomarkers that have been found to have racial and ethnic differences, among other types of disparities such as chronological or biological age-, sex/gender- or environmental-related ones. Usually, evidence suggests that breast cancer (BC) disparities are due to ethnicity, aging rate, socioeconomic position, environmental or chemical exposures, psycho-social stressors, comorbidities, Western lifestyle, poverty and rurality, or organizational and health care system factors or access. The aim of this review was to deepen the understanding of BC-related disparities, mainly from a biomedical perspective, which includes genomic-based differences, disparities in breast tumor biology and developmental biology, differences in breast tumors’ immune and metabolic landscapes, ecological factors involved in these disparities as well as microbiomics- and metagenomics-based disparities in BC. We can conclude that onco-breastomics, in principle, based on genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, hormonomics, metabolomics and exposomics data, is able to characterize the multiple biological processes and molecular pathways involved in BC disparities, clarifying the differences in incidence, mortality and treatment response for different groups of BC patients.

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Section: Biological Sex-and Gender-related Disparity In Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era

Neagu,

Bruno,

Johnson

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…In post-menopausal women, the amount of circulating estrogens and androgens has been shown to be positively correlated with the risk of breast cancer (4). In men, the increase in estrogen to androgen ratio that is either due to estrogen excess or androgen deficiency is positively correlated with the risk of breast cancer (5). Also, both premenopausal and post-menopausal women experience more alternations of sex hormone levels in their lifetime compared to men resulting in higher breast cancer risk (6).…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Etiology of Breast Cancer

Admoun¹,

Mayrovitz²

2022

Breast Cancer

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The etiology of breast cancer is attributed to a complex interaction between various modifiable and non-modifiable factors. This etiology is determined by genetics, environmental, nutritional, hormonal, and heritable elements that contribute to the development of this disease. Risk factors include prior history of breast cancer, positive family history, obesity, tall stature, smoking, alcohol consumption, early menarche, late menopause, sedentary lifestyle, nulliparity and hormone replacement therapy. Factors associated with decreased risk of breast cancer include multiparity, history of breastfeeding, physical activity, weight loss, and prophylactic surgical and medical Note to the reader: This chapter is part of the book Breast Cancer (ISBN: 978-0-6453320-3-2), scheduled for publication in July 2022. The book is being published by Exon Publications,

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“…In spite of the increase in the global rate of MBC in the last 3 decades, 25 studies showing the etiology, prognosis, and treatment is seldom available, as most of the population-based studies and clinical trials focused on MBC is very limited. 26 However, guidelines for the treatment and clinical management for managing MBC are being used those which have been developed and followed based on female BC. The risk of BC in men increases with increasing age of an average between 60 and 70 years, with most cases happening in men over the age of 50 years old.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Breast Cancer: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

Chidambaram,

Prabhakaran,

Sivasamy

et al. 2024

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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Male breast cancer (MBC), one of the rare types of cancer among men where the global incidence rate is 1.8% of all breast cancers cases with a yearly increase in a pace of 1.1%. Since the last 10 years, the incidence has been increased from 7.2% to 10.3% and the mortality rate was decreased from 11% to 3.8%. Nevertheless, the rate of diagnoses has been expected to be around 2.6% in the near future, still there is a great lack in studies to characterize the MBC including the developed countries. Based on our search, it is evidenced from the literature that the number of risk factors for the cause of MBC are significant, which includes the increase in age, family genetic history, mutations in specific genes due to various environmental impacts, hormonal imbalance and unregulated expression receptors for specific hormones of high levels of estrogen or androgen receptors compared to females. MBCs are broadly classified into ductal and lobular carcinomas with further sub-types, with some of the symptoms including a lump or swelling in the breast, redness of flaky skin in the breast, irritation and nipple discharge that is similar to the female breast cancer (FBC). The most common diagnostic tools currently in use are the ultrasound guided sonography, mammography, and biopsies. Treatment modalities for MBC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapies. However, the guidelines followed for the diagnosis and treatment modalities of MBC are mostly based on FBC that is due to the lack of prospective studies related to MBC. However, there are distinct clinical and molecular features of MBC, it is a need to develop different clinical methods with more multinational approaches to help oncologist to improve care for MBC patients.

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Toward Understanding the Etiology of Male Breast Cancer: An Ongoing Research Challenge

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era

Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era

The Etiology of Breast Cancer

Male Breast Cancer: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

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