Toward the use of two-color emission control in upconverting NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Er<sup>3+</sup>,Yb<sup>3+</sup> nanoparticles for biomedical imaging

Abstract

In the interest of generating new biomedical sensing techniques as well as improving those that currently exist, a great deal of attention has been given to upconverting lanthanide nanoparticles in recent years. In order to develop these nanoparticles for use in multiplexed and ratiometric sensing techniques, many recent studies have focused on experimental control of their emission wavelengths. Here we describe a new method for controlling the relative intensity of green and red emission bands in NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+ nanoparticles via control of the excitation pulse repetition rate. Using this method, particles of the same composition may be tuned to produce red and green light in user-defined ratios. We discuss the mechanism behind this control as well as potential applications that could make use of this property, specifically in super resolution imaging techniques.

Femtosecond laser induced cross relaxation in Er3+ doped NaYF4 glass ceramic

“…When the Er 3+ doping concentra tion is up to 5% from 1%, the intensity ratio of the red emis sion at 654 nm to the green one at 544 nm increases. This red/ green color output tuning by controlling the Er 3+ doping con centration has been demonstrated in previous studies under various excitation sources [22][23][24][25][26]. Taking advantage of the streak camera combined with spectrometer, we can obtain the wavelengthresolved lumi nescence dynamic process.…”

Enhancing up-conversion luminescence of Er3+/Yb3+-codoped glass by two-color laser field excitation

“…17,18 To further extend the related applications of the lanthanide-doped luminescent materials, it is necessary to improve the up-conversion luminescence efficiency as much as possible. To date several methods have been proposed and experimentally realized, such as changing the doped concentration of rare-earth ions, [19][20][21] selecting the dopant-host combination, [22][23][24] adding the codoping ions, 25 varying the excitation wavelength, 26 controlling the repetition rate and pulse duration of the excitation laser, 27,28 utilizing the two-or multi-wavelength excitation, [29][30][31] manipulating the excitation pulse shape, [32][33][34][35] and applying the electric eld or magnetic eld on the luminescent materials. 36,37 Er 3+ /Yb 3+ -codoped glass, as one of the most commonly used luminescent materials, has attracted considerable attention, but methods to improve its up-conversion luminescence efficiency are always a focus for scientists.…”

Optimizing femtosecond laser-induced upconversion luminescence enhancement and suppression of Dy3+-doped glass

“…One is the conventional means, which started from changing the properties of the luminescent materials, including the chemical composition [11,12], crystal structure [13], nanoparticle size [14,15] or dopant concentration [12,16]. The other one is a realtime, dynamic and reversible method used by varying the laser parameters, such as the laser wavelength, laser-pulse duration, laser power and laser repetition [17][18][19][20][21]. In recent years, we have proposed the coherent control based on the ultrafast pulse-shaping technique to control the UCL of rare-earth ions and obtained a series of interesting results [22][23][24][25][26].…”