Toward Practical Gas Sensing with Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide: A New Signal Processing Method To Circumvent Run-to-Run and Device-to-Device Variations

Lu, Ganhua; Park, Sunghee; Yu, Kehan; Ruoff, Rodney S.; Ocola, Leonidas E.; Rosenmann, Daniel; Chen, Junhong

doi:10.1021/nn102803q

Cited by 349 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Among them, RGO has attracted widespread attention for this purpose due to the low cost and high yield in production, and the convenience of modifying it with functional groups or doping atoms to tailor its gas sensing properties 19, 23. However, the practical application of unmodified RGO sensor is hindered by low sensitivity, slow response, and poor recovery at room temperature 19, 24…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D Chemically Modified Graphene Hydrogel for Fast, Highly Sensitive, and Selective Gas Sensor

et al. 2016

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Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has proved to be a promising candidate in high‐performance gas sensing in ambient conditions. However, trace detection of different kinds of gases with simultaneously high sensitivity and selectivity is challenging. Here, a chemiresistor‐type sensor based on 3D sulfonated RGO hydrogel (S‐RGOH) is reported, which can detect a variety of important gases with high sensitivity, boosted selectivity, fast response, and good reversibility. The NaHSO3 functionalized RGOH displays remarkable 118.6 and 58.9 times higher responses to NO2 and NH3, respectively, compared with its unmodified RGOH counterpart. In addition, the S‐RGOH sensor is highly responsive to volatile organic compounds. More importantly, the characteristic patterns on the linearly fitted response–temperature curves are employed to distinguish various gases for the first time. The temperature of the sensor is elevated rapidly by an imbedded microheater with little power consumption. The 3D S‐RGOH is characterized and the sensing mechanisms are proposed. This work gains new insights into boosting the sensitivity of detecting various gases by combining chemical modification and 3D structural engineering of RGO, and improving the selectivity of gas sensing by employing temperature dependent response characteristics of RGO for different gases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 3D Chemically Modified Graphene Hydrogel for Fast, Highly Sensitive, and Selective Gas Sensor

et al. 2016

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“…Theoretical and experimental studies have shown graphene performs limited selectivity to different kinds of gas species. 13 Composition with other functional materials would be an expectable choice. The conducting polymer, especially polyaniline (PANI), 14 is a promising choice, as their low cost and ability for room-temperature detection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Room-Temperature Ammonia-Sensitive Composite Sensor Based on Graphene Nanoplates and PANI

Chen

Liu

et al. 2018

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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The graphene nanoplate (GN)-polyaniline (PANI) composite was developed via in-situ polymerization method and simultaneously assembled on interdigital electrodes (IDEs) at low temperature for ammonia (NH 3 ) detection. The assembled composite sensor showed excellent sensing performance toward different concentrations of NH 3 , 1.5 of response value and 123 s/204 s for the response/recovery time to 15 ppm NH 3 . Meanwhile, an interesting supersaturation phenomenon was observed at high concentration of NH 3 . A reasonable speculation was proposed for this special sensing behavior and the mechanism for enhanced sensing properties was also analyzed. Among the toxic gases of the interest, ammonia is a prominent example for its wide applications in industrial manufacturing and daily life. 1 It can even be generally produced in natural processes in animals, human and plants. 2 Ammonia can irritates skin, eyes and respiratory tract of humans when the concentration reaches to a certain value (the safety threshold is ∼25 ppm in air). 3 It is also flammable at concentration of ca. 15%-28% by volume in air. 4 Therefore, many approaches have been employed to detect ammonia, including gas chromatography, 5 polarography, 6 fluorometry 7 and spectrophotometry. 8 Meanwhile, with the consideration of the need for cheap, fast and efficient sensors, semiconductor-based gas sensors have been developed quickly. 9 As an emerging 2-D material, graphene has attracted much attention worldwide for its large specific surface area 10 and excellent electrical properties. 11,12 However, no material can be satisfactorily applied in any field, especially in complex scenarios. Theoretical and experimental studies have shown graphene performs limited selectivity to different kinds of gas species. 13 Composition with other functional materials would be an expectable choice. The conducting polymer, especially polyaniline (PANI), 14 is a promising choice, as their low cost and ability for room-temperature detection. 15 Extensive studies reported that the composite of PANI and graphene demonstrates efficient charge transport and collection, 16 as well as enhanced thermal and chemical stability. 17 Herein, GN-PANI nanocomposite film was synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline in a functional graphene nanoplate (GN) suspension, and was simultaneously assembled onto a substrate with interdigital electrodes (IDEs) at low temperature. It suggests that the composite film sensor shows enhanced π electrons conjugation system, large specific surface area and stronger intermolecular interaction. Benefit from this, the composite showed a much improved sensing performance comparing with bare GN and bare PANI based sensors. z E-mail: zhichen@engr.uky.edu; taitai1980@uestc.edu.cn ExperimentalMaterials.-Aniline (≥99.5%), poly (diallyldimenthylammonium chloride) solution (PDDA) and poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., USA. Ammonium persulfate (APS) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) were obtained from Chen...

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“…According to Robinson et al, the fast response could be attributed to the adsorption of molecules at the low-energy binding sites, such as sp 2 carbon domains, while the slow response was mainly caused by interactions between gas molecules with high-energy binding sites, such as vacancies, defects, and oxygen-containing functionalities. 10,18 Once an rGO sensor is exposed to a new analyte, the analyte molecules may be retained at some of these high-energy binding sites aer the rst cycle, eliminating the contribution of these sites to the sensor response in the following cycles. This could explain the fact that in many series of measurements the rst cycle was oen substantially different from the following ones (an example of this effect could be seen in the water sensing data shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Highly selective gas sensor arrays based on thermally reduced graphene oxide

et al. 2013

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Toward Practical Gas Sensing with Highly Reduced Graphene Oxide: A New Signal Processing Method To Circumvent Run-to-Run and Device-to-Device Variations

Cited by 349 publications

References 55 publications

A 3D Chemically Modified Graphene Hydrogel for Fast, Highly Sensitive, and Selective Gas Sensor

A 3D Chemically Modified Graphene Hydrogel for Fast, Highly Sensitive, and Selective Gas Sensor

Effective Room-Temperature Ammonia-Sensitive Composite Sensor Based on Graphene Nanoplates and PANI

Highly selective gas sensor arrays based on thermally reduced graphene oxide

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