Toward an optimal spectral quality for plant growth and development: the importance of radiation capture

Bugbee, Bruce

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2016.1134.1

Cited by 88 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In terms of plant morphogenesis, red and/or blue light influenced plant yield. Red light promoted cell division and expansion which increased leaf area and root elongation, while blue light inhibited cell division and expansion, thus reducing leaf area [18,30]. The reduced photon capture resulting from reduced leaf area may be the reason for a high level of BP reduced plant growth in spite of increased photosynthesis per unit leaf area.…”

Section: Red And/or Blue Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Phytonutrient Accumulation of Herbs under Controlled Environments

Dou

Niu²,

et al. 2017

Horticulturae

128

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Abstract:In recent years, consumption of herb products has increased in daily diets, contributing to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, chronic diseases, and certain types of cancer owing to high concentrations of phytonutrients such as essential oils and phenolic compounds. To meet the increasing demand for high quality herbs, controlled environment agriculture is an alternative and a supplement to field production. Light is one of the most important environmental factors influencing herb quality including phytonutrient content, in addition to effects on growth and development. The recent development and adoption of light-emitting diodes provides opportunities for targeted regulation of growth and phytonutrient accumulation by herbs to optimize productivity and quality under controlled environments. For most herb species, red light supplemented with blue light significantly increased plant yield. However, plant yield decreased when the blue light proportion (BP) reached a threshold, which varied among species. Research has also shown that red, blue, and ultraviolet (UV) light enhanced the concentration of essential oils and phenolic compounds in various herbs and improved antioxidant capacities of herbs compared with white light or sunlight, yet these improvement effects varied among species, compounds, and light treatments. In addition to red and blue light, other light spectra within the photosynthetically active region-such as cyan, green, yellow, orange, and far-red light-are absorbed by photosynthetic pigments and utilized in leaves. However, only a few selected ranges of light spectra have been investigated, and the effects of light quality (spectrum distribution of light sources) on herb production are not fully understood. This paper reviews how light quality affected the growth and phytonutrient accumulation of both culinary and medicinal herbs under controlled environments, and discusses future research opportunities to produce high quantity and quality herbs.

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Section: Red And/or Blue Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Phytonutrient Accumulation of Herbs under Controlled Environments

Dou

Niu²,

et al. 2017

Horticulturae

128

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“…Increasing blue light (400 nm to 500 nm) often inhibits cell division and expansion, reducing leaf area and stem elongation, and increasing leaf thickness in most plant species; compact plants with smaller, thicker leaves typically result in higher photosynthetic rate per unit of leaf area, but reduced radiation capture [3]. This reduction in radiation capture is believed to be the primary reason for reduced growth (dry mass gain) in response to higher blue light [4]. In addition, blue light is less efficient at driving photosynthesis than other wavebands of photosynthetically active radiation (400 nm to 700 nm), which can be attributed to (1) significant energy losses due to radiation capture by non-photosynthetic pigments (e.g., anthocyanins); and (2) inefficient energy transfer by accessory pigments (e.g., carotenoids) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Water-Use Efficiency, Stomatal Conductance, and Nitrogen Uptake of Two Lettuce Cultivars Grown under Different Percentages of Blue and Red Light

2018

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The objective of this study was to characterize growth, water-use efficiency (WUE), stomatal conductance (g s ), SPAD index values, and shoot nitrogen uptake of two lettuce cultivars grown under different percentages of blue and red light. The treatments evaluated were 100% red; 7% blue + 93% red; 26% blue + 74% red; 42% blue + 58% red; 66% blue + 34% red; and 100% blue. Broad-spectrum (19% blue, 43% green, and 38% red) light was used to observe the effects of wavelength interactions. All of the treatments provided an average daily light integral (DLI) of 17.5 mol·m -2 ·d -1 (270 ± 5 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 over an 18-h photoperiod). The experiment was replicated three times over time; each terminated 21 days after treatment initiation. Leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA), and SPAD index had a similar response in that all of the parameters increased with up to 66% blue light, and slightly decreased or remained constant with 100% blue light. In contrast, leaf number, shoot dry mass, and WUE generally decreased in response to blue light. Conversely, for every 10% increase in blue light, g s increased by 10 mmol·m -2 ·s -1 . Nitrogen uptake was unaffected by light quality. Our findings indicate that when grown under different blue and red photon flux ratios, the WUE of lettuce significantly decreases under higher blue light, which could be attributed to a reduction in plant growth (leaf number and dry mass), and an increase in g s . However, green light within broad-spectrum lamps might counteract blue-light mediated effects on g s and WUE in lettuce.

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“…Light quality strongly mediates the operation of the leaf photosynthetic apparatus (Hogewoning et al , Bugbee , Song et al ). Blue (400–500 nm) and red (600–700 nm) light play pivotal roles in determining leaf photosynthesis, as red light has the highest quantum yield (McCree ), and blue light is involved in stomatal opening and leaf photosynthetic functioning (Wang et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light quality strongly mediates the operation of the leaf photosynthetic apparatus (Hogewoning et al 2010, Bugbee 2016, Song et al 2016. Blue (400-500 nm) and red (600-700 nm) light play pivotal roles in determining leaf photosynthesis, as red light has the highest quantum yield (McCree 1972), and blue light is involved Abbreviations -A, net CO 2 assimilation rate; B x , blue light percentage; ETR, linear electron transport rate; g s , stomatal conductance; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching; PSI and PSII, photosystem I and photosystem II; R x , red light percentage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red/blue light ratio strongly affects steady‐state photosynthesis, but hardly affects photosynthetic induction in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

Zhang

Kaiser

Zhang

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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Plants are often subjected to rapidly alternating light intensity and quality. While both short‐ and long‐term changes in red and blue light affect leaf photosynthesis, their impact on dynamic photosynthesis is not well documented. It was tested how dynamic and steady‐state photosynthetic traits were affected by red/blue ratios, either during growth or during measurements, in tomato leaves. Four red/blue ratios were used: monochromatic red (R100), monochromatic blue (B100), a red/blue light ratio of 9:1 (R90B10) and a red/blue light ratio of 7:3 (R70B30). R100 grown leaves showed decreased photosynthetic capacity (maximum rates of light‐saturated photosynthesis, carboxylation, electron transport and triose phosphate use), leaf thickness and nitrogen concentrations. Acclimation to various red/blue ratios had limited effects on photosynthetic induction in dark‐adapted leaves. B100‐grown leaves had a approximately 15% larger initial NPQ transient than the other treatments, which may be beneficial for photoprotection under fluctuating light. B100‐grown leaves also showed faster stomatal closure when exposed to low light intensity, which likely resulted from smaller stomata and higher stomatal density. When measured under different red/blue ratios, stomatal opening rate and photosynthetic induction rate were hardly accelerated by increased fractions of blue light in both growth chamber‐grown leaves and greenhouse‐grown leaves. However, steady‐state photosynthesis rate 30 min after photosynthetic induction was strongly reduced in leaves exposed to B100 during the measurement. We conclude that varying red/blue light ratios during growth and measurement strongly affects steady‐state photosynthesis, but has limited effects on photosynthetic induction rate.

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Toward an optimal spectral quality for plant growth and development: the importance of radiation capture

Cited by 88 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Phytonutrient Accumulation of Herbs under Controlled Environments

Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Phytonutrient Accumulation of Herbs under Controlled Environments

Growth, Water-Use Efficiency, Stomatal Conductance, and Nitrogen Uptake of Two Lettuce Cultivars Grown under Different Percentages of Blue and Red Light

Red/blue light ratio strongly affects steady‐state photosynthesis, but hardly affects photosynthetic induction in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

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