Toward a social-narrative model of revictimization.

Abstract

Women who were sexually abused as children suffer an increased risk of being repeatedly victimized through their adult lives (e.g., see Chu, 1992;Kluft, 1990aKluft, , 1990bvan der Kolk, 1989). In the majority of studies investigating risk factors in adult sexual victimization, the most highly correlated variable is previous sexual victimization (

Measuring HIV felt stigma: a culturally adapted scale targeting PLWHA in Puerto Rico

“…The convergent analyses showed that the HFSS correlates significantly with measures similarly or closely associated with stigma. It also demonstrated low but significant correlations with the Sexual Abuse Dimension , providing initial evidence of the association proposed by Chin et al (2004), Lynn et al (2004), and Browne and Finkelhor (1986) an association that should be considered for future studies. Various applications (e.g., screening tools in medical settings, additional investigations into the Felt-Stigma phenomenon) could benefit from this scale.…”

“…Stigma and HIV have been associated (Alonzo & Reynolds, 1995; Crawford, 1996; Herek et al, 2002; Pryor, Reeder, & Landau, 1999), as have stigma and sexual abuse, in both general (Browne & Finkelhor, 1986) and HIV populations (Chin, Wyatt, Vargas Carmona, Burnsloeb & Myers, 2004; Lynn, Pintar, Fite, Ecklund, & Stanford, 2004). The History of Abuse Questionnaire is a 39-item self-report retrospective measure that assesses three dimensions: (a) physical and emotional abuse/neglect ; (b) sexual abuse ; and (c) domestic violence .…”

The Use of Optimism in Narrative Therapy with Sexual Abuse Survivors

“…Survivors of sexual abuse report feeling "sexually stigmatized," with not just the sexual victimization being traumatic, but the reaction from family, friends and community adding to the traumatization (Finkelhor, 1984). Stigmatization occurs when the victim begins to not only gain selfawareness of the abuse and the inappropriate treatment s/he has experienced, but also in recognizing "different-ness" from others, and perceiving herself as "bad" (Lynn, Pintar, Fite, Ecklund, & Stafford, 2004). This negative view of the self as being worthless, and perhaps even responsible for the abuse, is internalized, therefore promoting feelings of shame and guilt (Lynn et al, 2004).…”

“…Stigmatization occurs when the victim begins to not only gain selfawareness of the abuse and the inappropriate treatment s/he has experienced, but also in recognizing "different-ness" from others, and perceiving herself as "bad" (Lynn, Pintar, Fite, Ecklund, & Stafford, 2004). This negative view of the self as being worthless, and perhaps even responsible for the abuse, is internalized, therefore promoting feelings of shame and guilt (Lynn et al, 2004). Examining the victim's causal attributions and attributional style associated with trauma may add to the understanding of how survivors make meaning of such experiences (Leahy et al, 2003).…”

The Use of Optimism in Narrative Therapy with Sexual Abuse Survivors

“…Survivors of sexual abuse report feeling "sexually stigmatized," with not just the sexual victimization being traumatic, but the reaction from family, friends and community adding to the traumatization (Finkelhor, 1984). Stigmatization occurs when the victim begins to not only gain selfawareness of the abuse and the inappropriate treatment s/he has experienced, but also in recognizing "different-ness" from others, and perceiving herself as "bad" (Lynn, Pintar, Fite, Ecklund, & Stafford, 2004). This negative view of the self as being worthless, and perhaps even responsible for the abuse, is internalized, therefore promoting feelings of shame and guilt (Lynn et al, 2004).…”